... Traditionally, they have been made as either polyclonal antibodies or monoclonal hybridomas, but those...those techniques have several drawbacks. Polyclonal antibodies produced in animals may be variable among...& Plückthun, 2015a).   Figure 1: (Top) Polyclonal antibodies are produced in animals and consist...Recombinant antibodies offer numerous advantages over polyclonal antibodies and traditional hybridomas.  First...

... both vector amplification with low fidelity polymerases and the cost of synthesizing longer oligos, which...simple cloning procedures. Use high fidelity DNA polymerase This will minimize random errors during PCR: ...aliquots of PCR master-mix, containing buffer, polymerase and dNTPs, can be stored frozen: just defrost...mutagenesis by placing homologous ends on DNA using polymerase chain reaction." Biotechniques 10.1 (1991): 62...

...biomolecules to the gel and add gel components to polymerize. Step 3: digest the sample to allow for even ...components penetrate the sample, how well the gel polymerizes, and the level of digestion. All of these factors...of epitopes during sample anchoring and gel polymerization - issues that can be minimized through tweaks...tweaks to these steps. But even under ideal polymerization and digestion conditions, loss of signal often...

...slow the polymerization of formaldehyde.  Note: Formaldehyde in solution will naturally polymerize and lose...paraformaldehyde (PFA) as the fixative. PFA is a polymer of formaldehyde that, on its own, is not a fixative...PFA is dissolved in solution and heated, it depolymerizes, producing formaldehyde. Often people will call...

...positively charged polycation, polybrene. Interestingly, one study found that alternative polycations such as DEAE-dextran...efficiency of lentiviral vectors: effect of sera and polycations.” Molecular Biotechnology 53.3 (2013). 308-14...

... sample and subject to isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) using a commercially available...reaction also contains SSB, strand displacement DNA polymerase, recombinase, and the ssDNA-FQ reporters that...transcription. This is then amplified by PCR using Taq Polymerase and then transcribed to provide RNA substrates...instead of RPA. Unlike RPA, this technique uses Taq polymerase which is widely available and less expensive....

...developed to quantify RNA transcription by RNA Polymerase III. By expressing Corn under promoters for transcripts... transcripts uniquely transcribed by RNA Polymerase III (5S, tRNA and U6) and measuring Corn fluorescence...effect of mTOR inhibition on the activity of RNA Polymerase III. Red and orange fluorescent aptamers Corn...PMC5602116. Song, Wenjiao, et al. "Imaging RNA polymerase III transcription using a photostable RNA–fluorophore...

... biology and biotechnology purposes.  Once a polypeptide is biotinylated (more on this below) it can be...Northern blotting Cell surface labelling Attaching polypeptides to a substrate Flow cytometry/fluorescence-activated...to either terminus of a DNA sequence during a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) by using a biotinylated ...commonly used this method to attach proteins or polypeptides to a solid substrate (Holden and Cremer, 2003...

...single stranded regions with homology to anneal a polymerase, to fill in the gaps a DNA ligase, to seal the...than 200 nucleotides before the annealing and polymerization steps could occur. Secondly, it does not work...instead of using the exonuclease feature of T4 DNA polymerase, which must be controlled by the presence or ...methods that have been described--CPEC (circular polymerase extension cloning) and SLiCE (Seamless Ligation...

...join any fragments end-to-end without the exo/polymerase generation of annealed complementary regions....and even include profiling single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (5,12,13). For example, in the Ligase...Shuman, Stewart, and Christopher D. Lima. "The polynucleotide ligase and RNA capping enzyme superfamily of...for characterization of resistance-mediating polymorphisms in African samples of Plasmodium falciparum....

...produce molecular biological tools like Taq polymerase, T7 polymerase, EcoRI, and various fluorescent proteins...construction of new plasmids. Dr. Duedu will also use polymerases produced using plasmids from Addgene to test ...

... uses do you foresee for this tool? Howarth: Polyproteins are useful for mechanical study of proteins ...proteins by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Maybe polyantibodies could help in the capture of other rare cell ...References: SpyLigase peptide-peptide ligation polymerizes affibodies to enhance magnetic cancer cell capture...

... a duplicated SV40 polyadenylation region instead of the synthetic polyadenylation signal present in pGL3...recruits up to 24 copies of a protein to a target polypeptide. Multimerization in the SunTag system occurs ... simplifies the process of creating complex polycistronic lentiviruses. The MuLE toolbox contains a series...constitutive promoters, 2 includible promoters, 3 polyA terminators and various pieces for inducible expression...UAAs via a re-assigned stop codon (TAG). This polyspecificity enables the site-specific introduction of many...

...microelectronic fibers made from thermoplastic polymers that can work with all the bells and whistles....called thermal drawing, essentially where blocks of polymers are heated up and pulled to a desired thickness... small molecules.   Fun fact: A 1 cm block of polymer can generate many meters of fibers!     ...

... bodies are a polymer of many copies of monomeric subunits. Unlike cytoskeletal polymers, however, R bodies...force by dynamically rearranging into different polymerization states. Instead, R body monomers respond to...

...Addgene blog   Droplet Digital PCR for AAV QuantificationPolymerase Chain Reaction Overview and Applications...Applications Resources on Addgene.org Protocol: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Protocol: How to Design a primer...SYBR Green I and TaqMan quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction methods for the determination ...

... can then be translated at the ribosome into polypeptide chains that make up the primary structure of ...purified for use in molecular biology research (eg. polymerases and other enzymes might be purified and used ...translation machinery. These include ribosomes, RNA polymerase, tRNAs, ribonucleotides and amino acids. Cell-free...

...fragments are then combined with an exonuclease, a polymerase, and a DNA ligase to carry out a pooled set of...topoisomerase I cut site, toposisomerase I, and a taq polymerase-generated insert. When mixed, topoisomerase I... could also be a great choice, because the T4 polymerase needed for this method is relatively inexpensive...

...set up a standard PCR reaction (primers, dNTPs, polymerase) using the supernatant of lysed bacteria as template...standard PCR reaction: combine template, primers, polymerase, and dNTPs and then incubate with a standard ...heating step of the PCR reaction. A standard Taq polymerase is sufficient. Controls: Controls can make ...

... separate plasmid (envelope plasmid), and the polymerase (Pol) for replication and Gag structural protein... be disposed of following your lab’s biohazard policies. Administering Virus Many virus experiments involve... accident-prone researchers. Note that safety policies will vary slightly from organization to organization...with your specific organization/department/lab’s policies – basically, you’ll need to get trained in each...