...was using.  I started to do little things to save reagents and money.  This was the start of my interest...resources where possible.  At the lunch table, for instance, we have a plastic container problem…reusable ... a popular topic in the media.  At one point I started to become very aware of how little care I took ...time and money. My other stingy science project started when I realized I was pouring large agarose gels... a small portion of the gel.  What a waste?  I started looking for smaller and smaller gel apparatus until...

...turn on with a light-pulse at one wavelength and stay on until a second pulse of light, with a different...it off, allowing the cell to be excited over a sustained period of time (Gong et al., 2020). Light-gated...signaling cascade that may go awry in a disease state.      Figure 4: Example of an intracellular...optogenetics or biosensors in one system. There can be substantial overlap in the activation curves (Marshel et ...system in your own work, you’ll need to know (and understand!) the hardware types, construction, and testing...main text.  Then, check out the Deisseroth lab’s Stanford Optogenetics Resources and the Boyden lab’s Synthetic...havoc on your experiments, so it is important to understand the details of how each tool performs and the...

...just dive right in and start injecting your virus, a successful AAV experiment starts with validation and...your system that can affect expression, before starting the selection process. Factors to think about ...expression.   Once you know that, you’re ready to start selecting, testing, and optimizing three key variables...serotype that works great in a GABA neuron, for instance, may not transduce the adjacent norepinephrine...in your system and then test each vector before starting your experiments (Rolland et al., 2016; Su et ...selection …is truly validation and optimization! Understanding serotypes, promoters, and titers will allow ...

...towards a career in science communication, an established field of inquiry with which I was not yet familiar...Herein, a good science communicator—with an understanding of how to appeal to a given audience and how... a scientific background and bring with them established interests and areas of expertise. Perhaps the...individuals respond to issues of unsettled science. Understanding just how the public utilizes insights gleaned... ours reflect a growing effort to address this obstacle in its many forms. A short stroll from my office...by the day, it has never been more crucial to understand just how we receive, process and respond to that...

...shipping staff agreed to come in and start getting plasmid deposits into the collection and to start shipping...closure was earlier than most companies. Since the start of this crisis, we’ve been very responsive to the...Addgenies home.  At the same time, as Addgene started dealing with this new reality of working remotely...processes are entirely self-supporting. We hire more staff as we need them to meet demand and to serve the ...

...Addgene Blog? Fill out our guest blogger form to get started!   Thanks for all your hard work!   Fluorophores... Nucleic acid based machines Recombinase-based State Machines Enable Order-dependent Logic in vivo Nathaniel...received by a cell. These so-called recombinase-based state machines could potentially be used to report upon...this post to learn more about recombinase-based state machines and how they function. Adapting Toehold...important things to consider if you’re getting started with them. CRISPR Pairing CombiGEM and CRISPR ...efficient genome editing - all influenced by an understanding of Cas9 biophysics! Casilio: An Adaptive, Multitasking...

...choice while bypassing the intermediate pluripotent state. Though a valuable tool for regenerative medicine...These library-specific identifiers act like a timestamp and help demultiplex the scRNA-seq data and build...reprogramming treatment (CellTagD3), and 13 days after the start of reprogramming (CellTagD13), which is when the...least day 13. However, distinct transcriptional states were seen as early as day 6. All together these...stochastic, but rather there’s a particular cell state that’s permissive to reprogramming.In this lineage...putative methyltransferase. Adding Mettl7a1 to the standard Foxa1-Hnf4α retroviral overexpression cocktail...

...stop you. Where do you start? Turns out like all good experiments, making AAV starts with some plasmids. .... You just need three plasmids to start making AAV:  the packaging plasmid which contains the structural...between the ITRs is ~4.4 kb. ITRs are inherently unstable due to their secondary structure, palindromic ...palindromic nature, and high GC content. This instability can cause partial loss of an ITR during routine plasmid... Plasmid video!   Now you’ve got a basic understanding of some common AAV plasmid elements! And while...

...Tchetchelnitski V, Mehmet H (2012) Remarkable stability of an instability-prone lentiviral vector plasmid in Escherichia...culture, only the plasmid with the antibiotic resistance gene and origin will replicate, and the transgene...recombined vector backbone contains the antibiotic resistance gene (AmpR) and origins of replication (ori and...Recombinase-deficient strains like Stbl2, Stbl3, and NEB stable E. coli reduce the rate of recombination in samples...CS, Esposito D (2007) Improved recombinational stability of lentiviral expression vectors using reduced-genomeEscherichia...

... use since the 1980s. “Synthetic dyes were the standard in the field, but there is one problem: how to...biochemistry of living neurons in an effort to understand the connection between molecular- and cellular-level...elegans, and zebrafish – essentially all of the standard organisms for which extensive genetic tools are...presence of a ligand (they stick together in one state, but not the other). “It’s quite a robust way to.... “I hope by depositing at Addgene, people will start using them,” Merkx said. “For us, it is one of the...developed something useful [enough] that other people start using it. For us, it’s like a test.” References...

...use grows across the life sciences and to establish standardized validation techniques for academia, industry...both Surveyor™ and Sanger may not be adequate standards for validating edits.  Mismatch cleavage assays...Tsiatis et al. 2010). As the field moves toward standardized thresholds for validating CRISPR experiments...breaks Prediction algorithms: A good place to start for biased validation At the moment, many software...sequences of the genome and sgRNA. This is a good starting point for most researchers as it provides a list...approval. It is key to maintain a consistent set of standards as the field seeks to generate reproducible, quality...

...the community to understand and grow the scientific ecosystem, including understanding how shared materials...  An MTA is simply a contract or agreement that states the terms of use for a tangible research material...process, which eventually led to the creation of a standardized agreement on the transfer of biological materials...with many properties, having well-understood standardized terms makes it a lot easier for organizations...One-Time Plasmid Deposit and Distribution Agreement establishes the terms under which your material will be distributed...

...suppression (and most everything in between), understanding how, when, and where TFs work is of broad interest... 3,500 human TF isoforms, to help researchers understand this regulatory network. The transcription atlas...fates. The atlas of directed differentiation To understand how each human TF can contribute to differentiation...endeavor, a map of possible TF-induced cellular states was generated (Joung et al., 2023). Fig....screening approach can not only lead to a better understanding of disease onset, but also better simulate a...is a valuable reference if you are looking to understand a pathway, or just looking for the best astrocyte...

...fascinated by the human body and how it works. I used to stay up past my bedtime, poring over my grandparents’...science made me happy, but it wasn’t long before I started becoming disillusioned with the gulf between what... BSc in Anatomy, the University of Otago had established the Centre for Science communication and I was...in neighbouring disciplines might struggle to understand. Why should we trust something that we cannot...know and believe about the world. It is vital to understand what people know – or, at the very least, believe... the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(36), 9587-9592. doi:10.1073/pnas...

...of this workshop? What do I understand already? What don’t I understand? How does the information I’...prevents it from forming concatemers later. The "FS" stands for Fragmentation System and this is the most important...libraries from small amounts of DNA i.e 100 pg. At the start of the workshop, NEB gave a brief presentation describing...hoped, we found that regardless of how much DNA we started the process with, we got great amplification of...is extremely important for us as a company to constantly update our processes and get new ideas from learning...

...cells treated with MG-2I dye and exposed to light stained dead within 30 minutes of exposure. 90 seconds ...killing of dL5** cells without death of neighboring bystander wild-type cells.   Zebrafish experiments with ... 2). Induced cell death was confirmed by TUNEL staining.  The video below shows what happens to the zebrafish...as Mg-2I-dL5**. Mg-2I-dL5** also had higher photostability than KillerRed, with KillerRed reaching greater...ablation while having limited collateral damage to bystander cells. Are you ready to use MG-2I-dL5** with your... D. M., Britanova, O. V., Yanushevich, Y. G., Staroverov, D. B., Chepurnykh, T. V., . . . Lukyanov, K....

...You’ve prepped your DNA and you’re ready to get started on the next step of your experiment. But in many...through a liquid to determine the concentration of substances in the liquid. Molecules absorb different wavelengths... methods, fluorescence-based methods require a standard curve, a set of samples with a known DNA quantity... a fluorometer to quantify DNA this way. First, start by pouring your gel containing a DNA intercalating...microarray studies and is not used as much for the standard plasmid prep. Diphenylamine method Another absorbance...made in the visible range and can be read with a standard ELISA reader if no other instruments are available...

...says Bachle. (For presenters, there’s also less stage fright!)And depending on the conference, the audience... questions,” says Zhang. “Usually the moderator starts by asking the speaker the highly upvoted question... the app or virtual platform and making sure you stay connected. If possible, test out the technology ...conference begins.“There were some concerns of having a stable internet connection,” says Abitua about her workshop...chats between sessions or waiting for a session to start. “There was not much time to network,” Zhang says...discussing at tables and the event hasn't even started yet! @neurosymp will be interesting this year. ...

...worked with many Addgenies to help improve the understanding, curation, and explanation of our CRISPR resources....” Doench’s graduate work helped expand our understanding of how miRNAs regulate their targets and what...screens to answer their own research questions. Starting at the Broad Institute For his post-doc, Doench... technology development alongside it.” Doench starting working with David Root in the then RNAi Platform...left him a bit skeptical of the technology at the start of the CRISPR craze, but he says, “In the case of...Involvement with Addgene Although Doench’s thorough understanding of CRISPR is what got him involved with Addgene...

... red channel fluorescence images of C2C12 cells stably expressing pTRE-Tight-MitoTimer and rtTA. The cells...shRNA. This system requires less work than using established methods and minimizes some of the technical issues...the CRUSH vector in transgenic mice, the lab established a dual-color RNAi “sensor” mouse strain in which... mapping and electron microscopy A thorough understanding of complex biological systems requires both ... found at Addgene, so what are you waiting for? Start building up your own designer bacteria. St-Pierre...number of libraries containing pre-constructed standardized modules. In the first assembly step, compatible...Nicola Patron have assembled two collections of standardized genetic modules compatible with the MoClo system...