...contaminating your sample. To accomplish this, it is best to skip lanes between samples and between the ...bands out of the agarose gel and purify the DNA samples. This is a commonly used technique for molecular...the ladder and nearest sample. To minimize the risk of DNA damage, it is best to limit the UV exposure of...do you get better resolution of bands? A couple simple ways to increase the resolution (crispness) of ...will help separate larger bands. 10% Rule For each sample you want to load on a gel, make 10% more volume...several microliters can be lost in pipetting. For example, if you want to load 1.0 μg in 10μL, make 1.1μg...

...biosafety level 2+. Please ensure that you are in compliance with your institution’s biosafety regulations...Lentivirus preparation Reagent Preparation DMEM Complete: 10% v/v FBS and 4 mM L-alanyl-L-glutamine (or...follows: Dilute 525,000 cells into 14 mL of DMEM complete. Mix well by pipetting or inverting. Aliquot 2... Prepare dilutions of the lentivirus into DMEM complete containing 10 μg/mL polybrene. Note, this protocol...Volume of Lentivirus Stock (μL) Volume of DMEM complete (μL) Volume of 10mg/mL polybrene (μL) 1:10 150...Dilution Factor V T = Transduction Volume, mL For example: If 150,000 cells were transduced in the 1:100 ...cells with fluorescence V V = Virus Volume, mL For example: If 15 µL of virus added to 150,000 cells resulted...

... 15 mL DMEM Complete. Wednesday: Plate 1×10 6 cells in a T75 flask in 15 mL DMEM Complete. Friday: Plate...Transfection grade DNAs Reagent Preparation DMEM Complete (also known as D10): 10% v/v FBS and 4 mM L-alanyl-L-glutamine...Plate 8×10 5 cells in a T75 flask in 15 mL DMEM Complete. Do not add pen-strep to the media. Use cells ...packaging cells at 3.8×10 6 cells per plate in DMEM Complete in 10 cm tissue culture plates. Incubate the cells...at RT. During the incubation, add 10 mL of DMEM Complete to a 15 mL conical and an appropriate amount of...the media. Replace the media with 10 mL of DMEM Complete or OptiPro SFM. Incubate the cells. Virus can ... °C as soon as possible to avoid loss of titer. Sample Data Figure 1: 293T cells were transfected with...

... kind either expressed or implied, including but not limited to the implied warranties of fitness for ...sequence), while the EcoRI site is preserved. For a complete map of pLKO.1 containing the 1.9kb stuffer, visit... nuclear import of the vector’s preintegration complex in the transduced cells. hPGK Human phosphoglycerate... set of top-scoring targets for your gene. For example, the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research...AATTCAAAAA—21bp sense—CTCGAG—21bp antisense 3’ For example, if the target sequence is (AA)TGCCTACGTTAAGCTATAC...boiling water. If using a PCR machine, incubate the sample at 70°C for 10 minutes then slowly cool to room...will require 6 μL FuGENE® + 74 μL OPTI-MEM. For example: 1x master mix: 6 μL FuGENE® + 74 μL OPTI-MEM 5x...

...have become the most widely used method scientists employ to selectively move a specific piece of DNA from...Plasmid Size -OR- Insert and Backbone Size The simplest form of diagnostic digest is one in which you ... verification, such as DNA sequencing . In the example above, digestion with enzyme RE1 will linearize...result in similar sized bands, thus making this simple digest less informative. This is particularly true...patterns so that you get double confirmation. In the example above, digestion with either RE3 or RE4 will give...the insert is in the correct orientation. In the example below we want to know how to differentiate between...products from each orientation are different sizes. Simply run the digest products on a gel and those clones...

... fresh complete medium. This 5 cells/mL solution will be used to seed the 96-well plate. Sample Calculation...Corning 430167 (optional) Reagent Preparation DMEM Complete: 10% v/v FBS and 4 mM L-alanyl-L-glutamine (or...performed at Addgene on the A549 cells described in our sample data , each 96-well plate gave rise to 15–20 monoclonal...Each 10 cm dish should be seeded in 10 mL DMEM complete, which will generate enough conditioned medium...adding 10 µL homogenized cell solution to 990 µL complete medium. Instead of transferring 0.125 µL, now ...transgene expression and/or other phenotypes. For example, perform Western blotting to screen for lines with...highest or lowest transgene expression ( Figure 2 ). Sample Data Figure 1: Generation of monoclonal cell lines...

...compatibly digested vector backbone. This is accomplished by covalently connecting the sugar backbone ...is physically attached to the backbone and the complete plasmid can be transformed into bacterial cells...overhanging base pairs on the vector and insert are complementary, the two pieces of DNA connect and ultimately...ultimately are fused by the ligation reaction. The example below depicts the ligation of two sticky ends that... will allow you to verify that the vector was completely digested and if phosphatase treated, that the... 3:1 ratio is not working or when doing more complicated cloning. While 3:1 will get you in the ballpark...the molarity of DNA ends available for ligation. Simply put, there are only two ends on any given piece...

...DMEM complete containing 25 µM chloroquine diphosphate and incubate ~5 h For 10 mL of DMEM complete, add... of DMEM complete. Incubate the cells 24–48 h before checking for protein expression. Sample Data Legend...Syringes for filtering Reagent Preparation DMEM Complete: 10% v/v FBS and 4 mM L-alanyl-L-glutamine (or...HEK293T cells at 3.8x10 6 cells per plate in DMEM complete in 10 cm tissue culture plates. Incubate the cells...

...be resuspended before sampling. Gently swirl the flask 5–10 times before sampling. Transfer 10 µL of trypan...biosafety level 2. Please ensure that you are in compliance with your institution’s biosafety regulations...the PEI-MAX and recombinant antibody plasmid DNA sample to the biosafety cabinet and incubate for 1 h at...significantly and should be empirically determined for your sample. Typical ratios may range from 1:1 to 1:6. Add ...supplement the flask with 3.75 mM valproic acid. Example feeding schedule: Thursday: Transfect cells. Friday...

...Add your sample. Spin at 3500 rpm for 5–8 min at 4 °C, discard the flow through. Add more sample and spin...exchange and concentration Note: Both steps could be completed in one (long) day. Equipment Ultracentrifuge T70i...After each spin, add more formulation buffer and sample and make sure to pipet back and forth a few times..., or aliquot and store at -80 °C for long term. Sample Data Figure 1: Iodixanol gradient before ultracentrifugation...opens in a new window) copyright (2006). Figure 3: Example of an SDS-PAGE gel of 10 consecutive gradient fractions...

... unknown sample (don’t forget to factor in that dilution when calculating the original sample concentration...science. General Considerations The ELISA can be completed in a single day or broken up over several days...is a suggested starting point. If your unknown sample’s absorbance falls above the range of the standard...concentration!). Sample Data Figure 1: The plate was coated with serial dilutions of human recombinant purified...

...tags or shRNAs to any vector (the procedure will simply differ in terms of primer design). Let's assume...CAATTG ). The bottom oligo will be the reverse compliment so that they can anneal. Top oligo: 5' - CATATG...bp We also need to include additional bases to complement the overhangs generated when digesting the vector...could leave off the 3’ G on each oligo (and the complementary C of the other oligo), but this would destroy...

...multiple samples at once using a multichannel pipette and avoid inconsistent pipetting with our simple tips...bands out of the agarose gel and purify the DNA samples. This is a commonly used technique for molecular... Your guide to the MTA process when requesting samples from Addgene Technology Transfer How to Order A...

... strain Watch the Video! CRISPR Library Amplification Amplify CRISPR pooled-plasmid libraries Diagnostic...protocols are the building blocks for many more complicated procedures. Plasmid Cloning Protocols for constructing...centrifuge to separate different components in a liquid sample Using a Light Microscope Learn about the parts ...

...plasmid DNA for the purposes of storage and amplification. Higher efficiency cells are more important ...their own competent cells. This is a relatively simple procedure and is useful for performing low efficiency...so when higher efficiency is needed follow the complete protocol. Thaw the competent cells in your hand...outgrowth (for Ampicillin resistance it is ok to completely skip the outgrowth, for the other antibiotics...

... the host species of the primary antibody. For example, use an anti-mouse secondary antibody for primary...optimal fixation method will vary depending on the sample type and the protein of interest. You may need ...expected and specific, include a positive control sample that you know expresses the protein, such as cells...the protein of interest, and a negative control sample such as cells that do not express the protein of...

...before you place the sample at -80°C. Frozen tubes are hard to write on and samples stored for long periods...streaking onto LB agar will prevent it from thawing completely and will improve the shelf life. It is very important...

... one of the four nucleotide bases. This is an example of a trace file from a high-quality portion of ...that these base calls are unreliable. This is an example of a trace file from a portion of a sequencing ... trace file will give you more information than simply looking at the bases provided by your sequencing...

...that don’t cause disease in healthy humans, for example, non-pathogenic E . coli . BSL-2 is for labs that...your workspace with appropriate materials. For example, you may use 70% ethanol, quaternary ammonium, ...containers that can be autoclaved. Conclusion Although simple, following appropriate BSL-1 and BSL-2 protocol...

...overhangs by chewing back from the DNA 5’ end. Complementary DNA fragments can subsequently anneal to each... DNA Ligase - covalently joins the annealed complementary DNA fragments, removing any nicks and creating...opens in a new window) Rabe BA, Cepko C. (2020). A Simple Enhancement for Gibson Isothermal Assembly. bioRxiv...