...groups with generally sticky proteins such as bovine serum albumin. Secondary antibodies can also react with...preimmune serum ‌as well as with an isotype-matched control.      Figure 3: A preimmune serum control...specificity is further supported by a pre-immune serum or isotype-specific control (Hewitt 2014, Alexander...the primary antibody is replaced with pre-immune serum from the animal the antibody was produced in or ...nonspecifically through the Fc region (orange). The Preimmune serum control will not bind to the desired target but ...

...staining in a buffer containing nonfat milk, bovine serum albumin or other proteins. The sticky areas on the...