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Showing: 241 - 280 of 316 results
  1. Hot Plasmids June 2018 - Reverse transcriptase, nanobody, and protein-DNA interaction tools

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 27, 2018, 1:16 p.m.
    ...highlight a subset of the new plasmids in the repository through our hot plasmids articles. These articles ...recent plasmid deposits and we hope they'll make it easier for you to find and use the plasmids you need...write about a recent plasmid deposit please sign up here. Listen to the Hot Plasmids Podcast!  MarathonRT...’s lab at Yale University recently deposited a plasmid for expressing a novel reverse transcriptase (RT...polymerase processivity. Please find the MarathonRT plasmid here! Zhao C, et al. RNA. 2018 PubMed PMID:29109157... cell surface. Their toolkit includes a set of plasmids each containing an anti-GFP nanobody fused with...fluorophores. Find all of the nanobody toolkit plasmids here. Buser DP, et. al. PNAS 2018. PubMed PMID...
  2. 2023 and 2024: Reflections and Looking Ahead

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Jan. 23, 2024, 2:15 p.m.
    ...18,359 viral items, and 166,247 plasmids. We welcomed 18,899 plasmids, deposited from 1,106 labs in 504...factor library, in lentiviral vectors. At 3500 plasmids, this represents the largest single deposit in...September, we released the fourth edition of our Plasmids 101 eBook. This updated version of one of our ...the recent release of the Spanish version of our CRISPR 101 eBook and the upcoming release of the second...to announce that we are now able to ship rabies plasmids in our repository to international requestors....
  3. Synthetic Biology, Artificial Chromosomes, iGEM & More - Interview with Tom Ellis

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Nov. 29, 2017, 2 p.m.
    ...things like DNA synthesis, Golden Gate cloning, and CRISPR. The yeast synthetic genome project and constructing...Synthetic Biology Education Nonprofit BioBuilder Plasmids 101: Golden Gate Cloning Learn About Working at...Michael Koeris Resources at Addgene.org Find Plasmids from the Ellis Lab Find Synthetic Biology Kits...
  4. Plasmids 101: Screening Strategies Used in Plasmid Cloning

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Sept. 15, 2020, 1:15 p.m.
    ... in. Let’s take a look at All_in_one_CRISPR/Cas9_LacZ, a CRISPR gRNA plasmid from Lynne Postovit’s lab...once in the plasmid backbone and another enzyme that cuts within the insert. If the plasmid contains the... PCR product if the plasmid contains the insert and no PCR product if the plasmid does not contain the...resources on the Addgene blog Get all the plasmid basics in our Plasmids 101 series Find more molecular biology...If you’re cloning a plasmid, you’ll need a way to find the needle in the haystack: the one perfect clone...clone that contains the plasmid you’re looking for out of the many cells that don’t. One way to begin ... how to use positive and negative selection in plasmid cloning.  But oftentimes, a selection strategy...
  5. Four Ways to Package Transgenes That Exceed the Size Limit of Adeno-associated Virus

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Sept. 1, 2020, 1:15 p.m.
    ...increasing the size of the AAV donor template for CRISPR-mediated homology directed repairs (HDR). Split...sequential homology directed repairs (HDR) with CRISPR/Cas9. Donor A contains: 400bp homology arms to ...single step and serve as donors for two consecutive CRISPR-mediated HDR events which results in the integration....org/10.1172/jci34316 Bak RO, Porteus MH (2017) CRISPR-Mediated Integration of Large Gene Cassettes Using...therapy Learn about the parts of an AAV transfer plasmid Resources on Addgene.org: Check out the Addgene...
  6. AAV Q&A with Tim Miles

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 17, 2022, 1:15 p.m.
    ... of CRISPR/Cas9 Tips for a first time AAV user Resources on Addgene.org Find Adenovirus Plasmids Adenovirus.... The continued development of more and smaller CRISPR tools is an exciting area for future AAV application...
  7. Plasmids 101: NGS Quality Control for Pooled Libraries

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Oct. 26, 2017, 1:59 p.m.
    ...underrepresented plasmids (plasmids that were lost or “dropped out”) and overrepresented plasmids (plasmids that ...In addition to single plasmids, Addgene also distributes pooled plasmid libraries containing hundreds...library contains many plasmids, care must be taken to ensure that all of these plasmids are amplified and ...diversity. If the various plasmids in the library are differently sized, smaller plasmids may be amplified preferentially...hundreds, thousands, or even a million plasmids. These libraries are some of Addgene’s most exciting and versatile...harvested, much like one would prep an individual plasmid. However, lots of library DNA is needed for screening...100 to 1,000 bacterial colonies per individual plasmid in the library. Bacterial growth must also be optimized...
  8. Plasmids 101: Control Plasmids

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    April 9, 2015, 3:29 p.m.
    ... used for plasmid-based experiments. What are control plasmids? Generally, control plasmids help to ensure...follow an example of a plasmid-based experiment, delineate its requisite control plasmids, and discuss why ...proper control plasmids would address and answer these questions. Types of control plasmids Part of planning...conditions and plasmids should produce a null effect (i.e., no phenomenon is observed). In any plasmid-based experiment... and not some other unintended factor. Control plasmids are used to minimize any effects of the non-independent...variables.  To illustrate the importance of control plasmids, we will take a step beyond discussion in the ...why these control plasmids are critical for the correct design of the experiment.  The Experiment: Knockdown...
  9. Editor's Choice, September 2016

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Oct. 7, 2016, 4 p.m.
    ...Enterprise in Flux CRISPR Kinome Libraries Available: Pooled and Individual Plasmid Formats Better Dyeing... Tips for Writing a Good Cover Letter Multiple Plasmids at a Low Price: Kits from Addgene Savvy Advocates...Addgene supporters who spoke with me and deposited plasmids on this trip. Here’s to hoping that October is...
  10. Sleeping Beauty Awakens for Genome Engineering

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 30, 2015, 2 p.m.
    ....12137. PubMed. Find the Plasmids at Addgene Kowarz Lab plasmids Izsvak Lab plasmids  ...the gene of interest (blue) in a plasmid backbone. A separate plasmid contains the transposase gene (red...). The original plasmid is empty following the removal of the transposon; the plasmid is then degraded...for insertion in the correct orientation. These plasmids use a novel synthetic RPBSA promoter, which is...therapy. SB is a valuable tool and an alternative to CRISPRs for genome engineering whose use is only likely...
  11. Technique: Probe Phage Genomes for Host Binding Proteins

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Sept. 29, 2016, 2:30 p.m.
    ...pool and extract plasmid DNA directly from the colonies. Transform the resultant plasmid DNA into E. coli...DNA bases.  Ligate and transform your resultant plasmid libraries into chemically competent E. coli and... you’re using a pET vector) and antibiotic for plasmid selection. Remove air bubbles between the membrane...they expressed well, the proteins encoded by the plasmids in the library will remain attached to the membrane...PMC2258639. Resources on the Addgene Blog Learn How CRISPR Can Be Combined with Phage for Antimicrobial Purposes...Systems to Probe Protein-Protein Interactions Use CRISPR For Genome-Wide Screens Resources on Addgene.org...of Expression Vectors Deposit Your Microbiology Plasmids ...
  12. Antibodies 101: Validation

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    March 24, 2022, 1:15 p.m.
    ...RNAi to knock-down expression of your target or CRISPR/Cas9 to create mutations that essentially eliminate...the gene for your protein has been mutated using CRISPR/Cas9. You check the mutation and it causes a large...interest endogenously and transfect them with a plasmid encoding your protein of interest. Then you should...target protein in a Western blot. You acquire a plasmid encoding your protein of interest, known as Gene... In parallel, you transfect cells with another plasmid not encoding this protein, which we will call Negative...band from the cells transfected with the other plasmid. Your antibody works! Multiple (Independent) Antibodies...Antibodies blog post!  Resources on Addgene.org Find plasmids encoding antibodies at Addgene Stay tuned for ...
  13. How to Write a Scientific Review Article

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Feb. 16, 2017, 3:30 p.m.
    ...Hot Plasmids Articles to See Compiled Info on New Plasmids Review the CRISPR Field with Our CRISPR Guide...
  14. Addgene’s Blog Gets a New Look!

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Jan. 25, 2021, 5:54 p.m.
    ...showcases the five main topics of the blog: Plasmids CRISPR Viral Vectors Fluorescent Proteins Science ...
  15. Improved Plasmid Maps Powered by SnapGene

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 29, 2017, 1:06 p.m.
    ...SnapGene powered plasmid maps at Addgene  Three factors make our SnapGene powered plasmid maps far easier...easier for you to share plasmid information with colleagues, or explain plasmid features to a lab member... on the main plasmid page under the "Resource Information" section. Analyze your plasmid sequence For ...over from our users: "Please, please improve your plasmid maps!" After thoughtful design, vetting, and tweaking...tweaking, we’re excited to announce that our plasmid and sequence displays are now powered by GSL Biotech's...software and extensive feature library, our updated plasmid and sequence displays are now much easier to interpret...how they’ll make it easier for you to find the plasmids you need. We'll be monitoring and improving the...
  16. Plasmids 101: Gene, enhancer, and promoter trapping

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 2, 2023, 1 p.m.
    ...in the Lab Plasmids 101: Screens vs. Selections Plasmids 101: Knockout /Knock-In Plasmids ...the Lab Bench Plasmids 101 e-book Additional resources on the Addgene blog Plasmids 101: Using Transposons..., they eliminate the expression of the gene (by CRISPR knockout, shRNA depletion, etc.) and ask what the...
  17. REPLACR Mutagenesis: Replacing In Vitro Recombination Methods

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Feb. 10, 2016, 3:30 p.m.
    ...a given disease. CRISPR has made genomic SDM relatively straightforward, but plasmid-based SDM has lagged...recommended for plasmids up to 25 kb, most cloners should be fine, especially using plasmids in the 10-12...Other Plasmid Cloning Techniques like SLIC and Golden Gate Cloning Learn How to Verify Your Plasmid Read...Reference Pages Choose Your Perfect Plasmid Backbone Find Plasmids for Your Research ... REPLACR (Recombineering of Ends of Linearized Plasmids After PCR). Current site directed mutagenesis...mutation, then use those to PCR amplify the template plasmid. The parental, nonmutated DNA is digested with ...of background colonies carrying the unmodified plasmid. For insertions, it’s possible to use the same ...
  18. New and Upcoming Viral Vectors - May 2020

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 28, 2020, 1:15 p.m.
    ...our control plasmids in new serotypes, as well as a new Cre dependent GFP control plasmid for expression...protein expression The Krogan lab quickly shared plasmids expressing SARS-CoV-2 proteins at the beginning.... Now, we've turned some of the most requested plasmids into lentiviral preps to speed up COVID-19 research...now available as a lentiviral prep. It's a human CRISPR inhibition library that inhibits over 18,000 human...Testing AAV inventory for the entire collection! Plasmid Serotype Name Depositor 27056 AAVrg pAAV-Ef1a-DIO...constructs that allow for targeted expression. Plasmid 75470 is now available in AAV1 for Flp-dependent... mCherry reporter. We now also offer AAVrg for plasmid 83898, which targets expression of ChR2 to forebrain...
  19. SunTag and Fluorescent Imaging

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    March 28, 2017, 2:30 p.m.
    ...scFV antibody, which is expressed from a separate plasmid. This system amplifies the intensity of the fluorescent...basis. However, since many of Addgene’s SunTag plasmids have coveted “blue flames,” it’s clear that the...fluorescence, SunTag can also be used to improve CRISPR-based activation of target genes, but we’ll save...Fluorescent Protein Guide Page Find Luciferase Plasmids ...
  20. Stabilized Bacterial Promoters: Constant Gene Expression at any Copy Number

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Sept. 4, 2018, 12:53 p.m.
    ...this case, plasmid copy number is the input and gene expression is the output. The input, plasmid copy number...to decouple gene expression and plasmid number. In a suite of plasmids modified from pSC101 with copy ...of all types of plasmids, the stabilized promoters were also tested in different plasmid backbones that...stationary phase, the number of plasmids per cell increases 4-5 fold (for pUC plasmids) or ~2 fold (for p15a, ...RepA is a plasmid replication initiator protein, they could alter copy number of the plasmid by altering...genome or a plasmid. Thus, a stabilized promoter can allow a system to be moved from a plasmid to the genome... on the Addgene Blog Read the Plasmid 101 blog posts Check out CRISPR Meets Synthetic Biology: A Conversation...
  21. Plasmid Tools for Microbiome Studies

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 27, 2019, 12:25 p.m.
    ...conjugative mobilization of broad host-range IncQ plasmids." Plasmid 62.2 (2009): 57-70. PubMed PMID: 19465049...page Deposit microbiology plasmids with Addgene Find synthetic biology plasmids ...or preparation, and deliver CRISPR components for gene disruption or CRISPRi. While designed to study the...family-RP4 conjugation system. This system can deliver plasmids to both Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells.... Wang lab further developed a modular suite of plasmids (pGT) with various replicative origins that can...genera across four phyla that have taken up the plasmid through conjugation in vivo studies. However, they... tools for microbiome studies.  Find the MAGIC plasmids here Paper-based synthetic biology approach to...
  22. Hot Plasmids - May 2022

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 26, 2022, 1:15 p.m.
    ...subset of the new plasmids and viral preps in the repository through our hot plasmids articles. These articles...recent plasmid deposits and we hope they'll make it easier for you to find and use the plasmids you need...need. If you'd ever like to write about a recent plasmid deposit please sign up here. Here's what you'...easily be applied to other systems.    Find BLITZ Plasmids here! Xiong, et al. eLife. 2021. https://doi.org...from Goertsen D, et al., 2022.  Find M-CREATE plasmids here!  Goertsen D, et al. Nature Neuroscience....have higher risks of off-target mutations. These plasmids contain catalytically inactive dCas9 and microbial...efficiency of up to 20%, comparable to commonly used CRISPR/Cas9 methods for large inserts. However, this system...
  23. Meet the New Addgene Board Members!

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    April 28, 2020, 1:14 p.m.
    ...over 100 requests for the plasmids and the lab eventually deposited these plasmids at Addgene. While deposits...The mission to share critical reagents such as plasmids and viral stocks for researchers around the world...Therapeutics and is an Addgene depositor. KSQ uses a CRISPR-Cas9 platform to systematically test the function...
  24. A Novice's Perspective on Neuroscience - SfN2017

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Dec. 15, 2017, 2:07 p.m.
    ... If there’s a plasmid or AAV tool that you can’t find, you can always suggest a plasmid to us, request...want to get into the field. Find Optogenetics Plasmids for Use in Neuroscience Research Neuroscience ...interactions with Alzheimer's, I found others using CRISPR to generate new knockout mice, using adenoviral...400 who signed up for our newsletter and a free plasmid) were very excited about our new viral services...Service Find Retrograde AAV Browse Optogenetics Plasmids ...
  25. Designer PUF Proteins for Any RNA Target

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 17, 2014, 7:57 p.m.
    ...With the meteoric rise of CRISPR technology, the ability to direct enzymes – from nucleases to transcription...and improve, Abil says they will make those new plasmids available through Addgene, and they hope others...
  26. Overcoming the Challenges of Lentiviral Production

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Aug. 7, 2018, 12:31 p.m.
    ... multiple plasmids. Second generation packaging systems use 3 plasmids; an envelope plasmid that usually...encodes VSV-G, a packaging plasmid containing structural genes and a transfer plasmid carrying the transfer...Rev gene from the packaging plasmid and incorporating it into a fourth plasmid. In addition, the promoter...and packaging plasmids in order to obtain the best titers. Requiring an additional plasmid for transfection...high titer virus for transfer plasmids with small inserts (such as CRISPR guides) while a single 72h harvest...By dividing the viral elements across multiple plasmids, the risk of recombination and consequently, the...extra level of safety, they also require a fourth plasmid. The requirement for additional DNA can impact ...
  27. Educational Planarian Tools for Teaching Developmental Biology Techniques

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 24, 2018, 1:20 p.m.
    ...learning about CRISPR Resources at Addgene.org Find plasmids from the Sánchez lab Find plasmids for other...experiments in planarians with their recent plasmid deposit. These plasmids enable two main types of experiments... cloned into plasmids to investigate for each of these planarian species. These plasmids all have a PR-T4...insert the cDNA into the desired plasmid backbone. The Sánchez lab plasmids allow students and new labs to...of specific gene expression. The 49 deposited plasmids enable students to study gene expression and functions... dsRNA-induced RNAi experiments. Notably, this plasmid harbors a multi-cloning site flanked by T7 promoters... produce DNA templates via PCR off of the same plasmid and use these to create riboprobes for in situ ...
  28. Luminescent Imaging with Nano-lanterns

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 25, 2017, 2:30 p.m.
    ...genes for endogenous protein fusions created using CRISPR/Cas9. eNLs offer high luminescent signal for imaging...: 1262. PMID: 23232392 PMCID: PMC3535334 Find plasmids from this paper at Addgene. Takai, Akira, et ...4352-6. PMID: 25831507. PMCID: PMC4394297 Find plasmids from this paper at Addgene. Suzuki, Kazushi, ... 13718. PMID: 27966527 PMCID: PMC5171807 Find plasmids from this paper at Addgene. Additional Resources...All Our Fluorescent Protein Resources Find FRET Plasmids Find Empty Backbones with Fluorescent Protein ...
  29. Plasmid-based Recombinant Monoclonal Antibodies: What They Are and Why You Should Be Excited About Them

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 4, 2021, 1:15 p.m.
    ...interest has been cloned into an expression plasmid, the plasmid can be introduced into host cells, such ...that the plasmids and sequences for antibodies are not shared. For instance, through open plasmid sharing...Recombinant monoclonal antibodies are encoded in plasmids and produce a single antibody recognizing one ...synthetic genes that are typically expressed from a plasmid or from an integrated sequence in a stable cell...heavy chain genes of the antibody are encoded in a plasmid. (Right) An assembled antibody protein binds an...laboratories and companies have already begun creating plasmids encoding affinity reagents. These include conventional...performed will be useful in perpetuity.  Second, plasmids are easy to store and share, making recombinant...
  30. AAVs in Retinal Gene Therapy

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    July 31, 2018, 12:55 p.m.
    ...trials for prevalent diseases - to name a few. CRISPR-based tools are also particularly well suited to.... Yu W and Wu Z., 2018. In vivo Applications of CRISPR-Based Genome Editing in the Retina. Front Cell ...in mammals Resources at Addgene.org Find AAV plasmids Find ready-to-use AAV viral preps Browse all viral...
  31. Hot Plasmids February 2024

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Feb. 20, 2024, 2:45 p.m.
    ...of the new plasmids, antibodies, and viral preps in the repository through our Hot Plasmids articles.  ...all applications. Addgene’s plasmid collection includes over 10,000 plasmids with a FLAG tag (!), but did...cells By Susanna Stroik Even with the advances in CRISPR technology over the past decade, primary cells ... al. 2023 with permission.   Find Cas-PAGE plasmids here!   Zhang, Z., et al. (2023). Efficient engineering...inspired and informed this section.  Find mStayGold plasmids at Addgene here!   Ando, R., et al. (2023). StayGold...under CC-BY license.   Find the AAV.CAP-Mac plasmid here!   Chuapoco, M.R., Flytzanis, N.C., Goeden...(2023) under CC-BY license.   Find AAV1-X1 plasmid here! Chen, X., et al. (2023). Functional gene ...
  32. Important Considerations When Using AAVs

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 13, 2017, 2:30 p.m.
    ...system. Currently, AAVs are being used to deliver CRISPR/Cas9 but have the potential to deliver other therapeutic...be used with new exciting technologies (such as CRISPR/Cas9) as they allow for gene delivery in an efficient...Gene Expression in Mammals A Match Made in Heaven: CRISPR/Cas9 and AAV Viral Vector Elements Additional ...Ready-to-Use AAV Preps Browse All of Our Viral Plasmids and Resources ...
  33. K. phaffii: Rising to the Occasion

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    April 4, 2023, 1 p.m.
    ...Yeast-mediated cloning CRISPR plasmids: Yeast Yeast Synthetic Biology Plasmids ...the Addgene Blog Five Popular Model Organisms Plasmids 101: Yeast Vectors Tips for Screening with the...
  34. A Practical Approach to Choosing the B(right)est Fluorescent Protein

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 1, 2017, 2:30 p.m.
    ...mammalian cells is transiently transfected with a plasmid containing a fluorescent protein (fusion) there...dish. This is caused by the stochastic nature of plasmid uptake by cells. To correct for this variation,...Goedhart et al, 2012, Bindels et al, 2017). The plasmid for co-expressing mTurquoise2 with mVenus as a ... In mammalian cells this would be possible with CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing. Selecting a bright fluorescent...Find Empty Backbones with Fluorescent Tags Find Plasmids for Subcellular Localization Browse the entire...
  35. Developing a cold tolerant E. coli using specialized chaperones

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Jan. 28, 2020, 2:35 p.m.
    ...transformed mesophilic, for example E. coli, carrying a plasmid expressing a protein of interest). Mesophilic microbes...granules. We overcame this problem by engineering a plasmid which contained cold tolerant chaperones (the Cpn...pMBP-LbCas12a and pC013-Twinstrep-SUMO-huLwCas13a plasmids from Addgene, which would potentially allow a ...temperature conditions, thereby enabling efficient CRISPR-Cas mediated editing for psychrophilic systems ...biology blog posts Resources on Addgene.org Find plasmids for your synthetic biology experiment Read our...
  36. BeHeard Award 2018: Diseases of Glycosylation, Arginine Mutagenesis, & Neural Development

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 26, 2018, 1:33 p.m.
    ...working with the Rare Genomics Institute to provide plasmid grants to researchers working on rare diseases ...Richard Gronostajski who each are being awarded free plasmids form Addgene to accelerate their research. Read... on to learn how these researchers plan to use plasmids from Addgene to advance their research on diseases...Prof. Videira and collaborators will use Addgene plasmids to immortalize CDG patient-derived immune cell...testing in the lab will be greatly facilitated by CRISPR reagents and other specific gene sequences available...Nfix-negative neural stem cells. The lab will use plasmids from Addgene to construct NFIX expression vectors...
  37. Developing Lab Management Software for Biology

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Aug. 25, 2016, 2:30 p.m.
    ...situations where you learn biology terms (plasmid, 5-prime, CRISPR, growth strains, vector backbone, etc....quality, growth, and legal status of thousands of plasmids a day, like we do at Addgene, pen and paper will..., of course, within the lab. In order to get a plasmid to your lab bench, we need to (this is a little...  someone has put in a request for a particular plasmid and now it’s time for our lab technicians to retrieve...Experiments Additional Resources on Addgene.org Find Plasmids for Your Research ...
  38. Tips for a 1st time AAV user (by a Rookie AAV user)

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Oct. 23, 2018, 11:49 a.m.
    ...packaging plasmids. The cells need three different plasmids to produce AAV: 1) the RepCap plasmid which provides...AAV plasmid standard and AAV transfer plasmids. It’s easy to contaminate a workspace with plasmid, not...going to lie, AAV transfer plasmids are kind of a pain to work with. These plasmids contain ITRs which are...AAV’s protein shell, or capsid; 2) the pHelper plasmid which expresses adenovirus genes which help mediate...mediate AAV viral replication; and 3) the transfer plasmid which encodes a transgene of interest that’s packaged...structures that are prone to deletion from the transfer plasmid. The good news is there’s a few simple ways to ...multiple bacterial cultures of your AAV transfer plasmid at 30 °C instead of 37 °C and then screen for ITR...
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