...cloning, and plasmid tags, addtional content added to the "Plasmids that Glow" and "Viral Expression Vectors...tetracycline resistant plasmid, pSC101, and a newly developed kanamycin resistant plasmid, pSC102, with EcoRI...topology, and cloning and gene expression. Just released: Addgene's Plasmids 101 (2nd Ed.) eBook And now...Addgene's Plasmids 101 eBook! In keeping with our goal of creating a one-stop reference guide for plasmids...Learn more about the history of plasmids and cloning: CSHL Meeting: Plasmids: History & Biology The Joshua...factors played within an organism.  So how did plasmids get their name? In 1952, Joshua Lederberg set...inheritance factors. He proposed the catch-all term “plasmid” derived as a hybrid of "cytoplasm" and "id" (Latin...

...specific mutations in your plasmids Use REPLACER Mutagenesis to mutate your plasmid Resources on Addgene....Addgene.org Browse our CRISPR guide pages Find bacterial CRISPR plasmids ...Require stringent bacterial growth conditions. Expression of an error prone polymerase I (PolI3M) is capable...polymerase (PolI) that is fused to a nicking Cas9. A guide directs Cas9 to a site of interest, where it nicks...single starting cell. Additionally, multiplexing of guides allows EvolvR to target more than one genomic site... targeted mutagenesis experiments? Find EvolvR plasmids at Addgene! References Gaj, Thomas, and Pablo...PMC6154929. Halperin, Shakked O., et al. "CRISPR-guided DNA polymerases enable diversification of all nucleotides...

...j.bbrc.2013.08.013. Empty gRNA Expression Vectors Select a gRNA expression plasmid based on factors such ...Cas-containing plasmids. ID gRNA Plasmid Promoter Cloning Enzyme(s) Validated In Resistance Co-expressed Cas9 Depositing...Regulation Activate Interfere Epigenetics RNA Targeting RNA Targeting RNA Editing Other Applications Purify Tag...base-to-base conversions using a prime editing guide RNA (pegRNA). The pegRNA directs the nickase to the target site...If the plasmid that you choose does not also express a gRNA, you will need to use a separate gRNA expression...If the plasmid you’re using does not also express a gRNA, you will need to use a separate gRNA expression..., nick, etc.) On the other hand, gRNA plasmids that do not co-express a Cas protein can be paired with...

...inducing expression of the sgRNA that targets the pMB1 replicon, resulting in cutting of the plasmid. At this...beneficial for plasmid clearance. It is more convenient to update the spacer(20nt) on pEcgRNA plasmid as only... alternative versus plasmid-based expression which can be unstable and lack precise control over copy ...original pCas/pTargetF system consists of one plasmid that expresses the S. pyogenes Cas9, a temperature-sensitive...protein expression) (Zhang et al., 2020). Multicopy chromosomal integration for gene expression is an alternative...left end) pTnsABC expresses the transposases TnsA, TnsB, and TnsC pQCascade expresses the transposase TniQ.... pCutamp cures the plasmids by targeting the ampR promoter in all three plasmids. pCutamp is then removed...

... or resistance marker expression following transfection, higher-level expression after approximately 72...hepatitis C virus RNA quantification as measured with branched-DNA technology." Journal of clinical microbiology...percentage of surviving cells may be the result of plasmid integration via recombination during transfection... blog and be sure to check out our viral vector guide pages to get up-to-date tips for your virus experiments... on the Addgene.org Check out Our Viral Vector Guide Pages Find Virus Protocols Order Virus ...rinsed and resuspended in cold sterile PBS.  Alternatively, to concentrate a virus solution without ultracentrifugation...necessarily indicate the production of virus. Alternatively, if the virus encodes a fluorescent protein,...

...fusion shuttle plasmid for shuttling U6-guide cassettes to make dual guide expressing plasmids dCas9-KRAB-...dual guide construct. Plasmids 175573 and 175574 express dCas9-KRAB-MeCP2 for repression. Plasmids 175571...containing the guide target sequence: Up to two guides can be expressed from the same plasmid by utilizing...utilizing one of the dual guide shuttle plasmids to insert a second guide within a U6-guide cassette. This process...159655 are single guide expressing double stranded break constructs. Plasmids 171098 and 175570 allow conversion..., 237 KB) Dual guide cloning: Brzezinski Lab Dual Guide Protocol (PDF, 990 KB) Plasmid and Sequence Derivative...advantage of the Zhang lab all-in-one (guide/Cas9/reporter) pX458 plasmid family. They have made several modifications...

...Addgene.org Optogenetics guide Chemogenetics guide BRAIN initiative plasmid collection More resources.... They started by delivering an AAV construct expressing channelrhodopsin 2 (ChR2), a blue light sensitive...potential afterwards. This measurement trended with expression of the opsin in the target neurons, validating...resources on the Addgene blog Plasmid tools for microbiome studies Channel rhodopsins for optogenetics Viral...expand the tool to different brain-organ axes. Alternatively, the system could be used to deliver or measure...Neuromodulation During Free Behavior. 2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine...

...Promoter PI Publication Empty gRNA Expression Vectors Select a gRNA expression plasmid based on factors such ...Cas-containing plasmids. ID gRNA Plasmid Promoter Cloning Enzyme(s) Delivery Resistance Co-expressed Cas9 Depositing...Regulation Activate Interfere Epigenetics RNA Targeting RNA Targeting RNA Editing Other Applications Purify Tag...base-to-base conversions using a prime editing guide RNA (pegRNA). The pegRNA directs the nickase to the target site...If the plasmid that you choose does not also express a gRNA, you will need to use a separate gRNA expression...CRISPR Guide Viral Preps Protocols gRNA Design Tools CRISPR Blog Posts The following CRISPR plasmids have..., nick, etc.) On the other hand, gRNA plasmids that do not co-express a Cas protein can be paired with...

...high expression, so adding this G could help with expression, though it is possible for the plasmid to ...with PX330 plasmid, clone in your target guides, test run them and then select the best guide to co-transfect...usually pick 3-6 guides around the region to find the most efficient guide (most guides would work, but...our 'Split RNA' design, where the pre-processing form of crRNA is expressed and a tracrRNA (the helper...sequence, and the concentration of Cas9 and guide RNA (gRNA). These considerations only matter if the PAM...helper RNA that facilitate the processing of the crRNA) is also expressed from a separate promoter. In the... may also like... Zhang Lab CRISPR plasmids General CRISPR Plasmids Dr. Le Cong, the first author of one...

...targets S. cerevisiae genes with 6-12 guides per gene where gRNA expression is induced by anhydrous tetracycline...subset of the new plasmids and viral preps in the repository through our hot plasmids articles. These articles...recent plasmid deposits and we hope they'll make it easier for you to find and use the plasmids you need...highlights from recent CRISPR plasmids. To find all of the CRISPR plasmids available from Addgene, head...indels to measure time. These plasmids with different promoters driving expression of Cas9 were used in this...CRISPR Plasmids and Resources page.  A new system uses light to deactivate photocleavable gRNAs within...Hutchinson Cancer Research Center developed a pooled plasmid library encompassing all possible amino acid mutations...

...selection. Using an inducible Cas9 expression and removing the sgRNA plasmid after identifying successful knockouts...strain is then transformed with the sgRNA cassette on a plasmid expressing mCherry and resistance selection...of the new plasmids, antibodies, and viral preps in the repository through our Hot Plasmids articles.  ...methods). By using mCherry for selection of sgRNA plasmid transformants, they avoid M. abscessus’ high...the target gene. Lastly, curing the mCherry-sgRNA plasmid leaves an edited strain carrying Cas9 to allow...additional sgRNAs. Image reused from Neo et al., 2024 under CC-BY license.   Find plasmids for CRISPR... or want to swap out the constant domains, the plasmids for the heavy chain and light chain are also available...

...taken up the plasmid. This can serve as an alternative to antibiotic selection. Plasmids of this type ...Addgene. Cell marking/selection: Expression constructs like plasmids often include GFP as a marker to ...microscopy. Read More: All Plasmids 101 Articles Addgene's Fluorescent Protein Guide Note: A. Max Juchheim...domain being tested. Find FRET plasmids here. Split EGFP: An alternative to FRET, split EGFP has also been...interest, or expressed from the same transcript as the gene of interest, but after an internal ribosome entry...including: tagging genes for elucidating their expression or localization profiles, acting as a biosensor... could be taken directly from A. Victoria and expressed in any organism while still maintaining fluorescence...

...Should I Use? Plasmids 101: Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) Fluorescent Protein Guide Expression Vectors from...localization, or protease protection. Thus far Plasmids 101 has covered GFP and its related fluorescent...box of tags and fusion proteins to aid in the expression and purification of recombinant proteins. Tags...stability activity, can be readily purified using plasmids found in this paper (available at Addgene).   ...residues   This article is not a comprehensive guide to all tags, but rather a quick overview of why ...   plasmids 101...Biochemists and molecular biologists who need to overexpress and purify proteins can face any number of technical...

...interested in everything related to gene expression, particularly at the RNA level. He maintains the greenfluorescentblog.wordpress.com...of these FPs are fluorescent when ectopically expressed in most organisms. Furthermore, fusing FPs to ... The two most common uses are: 1) to test the expression level in a specific system (by measuring the ... parameter is important if you are planning to express the FP in acidic environments (e.g. yeast cytosol...greenfluorescentblog.wordpress.com.   More Helpful Websites & Resources: FP guide at Addgene Interactive Visualization of Fluorescent... comprehensive data sheets on many FP variants Plasmids 101: Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) Three Review...proteins and imaging technologies to study gene expression, nuclear localization, and dynamics” Curr. Opin...

...tags, such as GFP, may interfere with protein expression or function in live cells. Fluorophore properties...brightness and high degree of overlap. Dyes for DNA/RNA staining should have high affinity and specificity...cell and protein analysis products. You can find plasmids deposited by Promega here.    References and ... L. D. (2022). Caveat fluorophore: an insiders’ guide to small-molecule fluorescent labels. In Nature ...More resources from Addgene Fluorescent protein plasmids and resourcesA practical approach to choosing ...imaging. PLoS ONE, 9(9). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0106271 Heinrichs, A. (2009). Stains and fluorescent...

...receive transfer plasmid DNA that you can use along with lentiviral packaging plasmids to create your own...their proper use; after receiving a pooled gRNA library in plasmid format, a researcher must amplify the library... only deliver gRNA and therefore, must be used to infect a cell line already expressing Cas9. As John ...rough approximations of the total number of CRISPR plasmids for that particular organism available at Addgene...helped distribute many of these technologies in plasmid form and are proud to have facilitated their fast...fast adoption. However, in many cases the plasmids themselves are only the starting point for the production...infections with all of our viral preps and host our expression data (western blots or fluorescent microscopy...

...Regulation Activate Interfere Epigenetics RNA Targeting RNA Targeting RNA Editing Other Applications Purify Tag...below for CRISPR Transposase plasmids. Plasmids are available for expression in mammalian systems and bacteria...CRISPR Plasmids: CRISPR Transposases (CASTs) Browse CRISPR Plasmids By Function Genome Editing Cut Base...to target locations in the genome defined by a guide RNA. The transposase can then integrate donor DNA....Mammalian ID Plasmid Gene/Insert Promoter Selectable Marker PI Publication Bacteria ID Plasmid Gene/Insert...suggestions for other plasmids that should be added to this list? Fill out our Suggest a Plasmid form or e-mail...Zebrafish Xenopus CRISPR Resources CRISPR Guide Viral Preps Protocols gRNA Design Tools CRISPR Blog Posts CRISPR-associated...

...Regulation Activate Interfere Epigenetics RNA Targeting RNA Targeting RNA Editing Other Applications Purify Tag... for CRISPR plasmids for transcriptional inhibition. Plasmids are available for expression in mammalian...If the plasmid you’re using does not also express a gRNA, you will need to use a separate gRNA expression...Mammalian ID Plasmid Gene/Insert Promoter Selectable Marker PI Publication Bacteria ID Plasmid Gene/Insert...Publication Plant ID Plasmid Gene/Insert Promoter Selectable Marker PI Publication Yeast ID Plasmid Gene/Insert...suggestions for other plasmids that should be added to this list? Fill out our Suggest a Plasmid form or e-mail...Zebrafish Xenopus CRISPR Resources CRISPR Guide Viral Preps Protocols gRNA Design Tools CRISPR Blog Posts Catalytically...

...Read our CRISPR guide Find CRISPR plasmids by function Find recently deposited plasmids ...CRISPR plasmids available at Addgene. We will still periodically focus on specific CRISPR plasmid tools... paper in Science Find the anti-CRISPR expression plasmids CRISPR-based method for cell lineage tracing...SaCas9 genome editing plasmids String assembly gRNA cloning (STAgR) String assembly gRNA cloning (STAgR),...between the gRNA and target. Read the paper in Development Find the Valcyrie plasmids If you have...paper in Nature Communications Find the Cas12b plasmids  Plant base editing with a Cas9-adenosine deaminase...wheat. Read the paper in Genome Biology Find plasmids containing these base editors Spatially and ...

...of the new plasmids, antibodies, and viral preps in the repository through our Hot Plasmids articles.  ...all applications. Addgene’s plasmid collection includes over 10,000 plasmids with a FLAG tag (!), but did...escape. Combining Cas9-PAGE with lentiviral sgRNA expression yielded editing of 80–90% in human cell lines...with a 30-minute incubation, even with multiplexed guides. Figure 1: A) Cell-penetrating Cas9, fused... al. 2023 with permission.   Find Cas-PAGE plasmids here!   Zhang, Z., et al. (2023). Efficient engineering...structured illumination microscopy in HeLa cells expressing COX8a-mStayGold. Scale bars 10 μm (main), 1 μm...inspired and informed this section.  Find mStayGold plasmids at Addgene here!   Ando, R., et al. (2023). StayGold...