We narrowed to 642 results for: Emb;
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TypeBlog Post... cells in an organism, including the embryonic and extraembryonic cell types. In mammalian development...generation does not require embryos, their use skirts issues surrounding the use of embryos in research. With all...Beckmann, and W. Wurfel, Non-embryo-destructive Extraction of Pluripotent Embryonic Stem Cells: Implications...-assisted derivation of human embryonic stem cell lines from IVF embryos after preimplantation genetic...totipotent cells. An example of pluripotent cells is embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which I discuss in detail below...into two broad types according to their source: Embryonic stem cells ESCs are pluripotent stem cells that... abnormal and/or supernumerary preimplantation embryos that are produced during in vitro fertilization...
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QC Sequencing Technologies at Addgene
TypeBlog Post...incorrect assembly, de novo assembly within Geneious gives us additional insight into the assembly. Geneious...team manually checks and assembles the raw data. Addgene’s de novo assembly pipeline usually generates...If this doesn’t resolve the assembly issues, we can redo de novo assembly within Geneious. While this...accuracy of deposited plasmids. To resolve QC issues, assembly issues, and difficult-to-sequence plasmids, other...reads, are essentially a lot of puzzle pieces. An assembly algorithm is employed to put these puzzle pieces...“nanopores” that are attached to the flow cell membrane and have an electrical current running through... Illumina MiSeq, the data is imported into our assembly pipeline that runs with Seqera Nextflow. The workflow... -
Is this the right place for me? 8 tactics for choosing a lab
TypeBlog Post... PI helps lab members determine project "ownership" and author order PI lets lab members fight it out ...long list of written questions for the PI and lab members. Make coffee or beer dates to talk to as many ... informative way of gathering data. Former lab members can give open, revealing information about the ...and lab head. While it’s good to talk to new lab members too, they may not have had experience writing, ...career opportunities with the lab head. Former lab members can give you a fuller picture. Consider talking...try to attend a lab meeting. Observe how the lab members treat one another (especially those low on the ...will work for you, ask questions like: Do lab members feel there are enough projects to go around? What... -
Advancing Biology with Zebrafish: Genetic Tools for Developmental Studies and More
TypeBlog Post...zebrafish embryo develops outside of the mother, making them ideal for studying vertebrate embryogenesis. To...investigations into environmental pollutants and health, embryo growth, brain function, and disease development...illustrate some of the reasons that zebrafish have been embraced as a model organism, I’ll outline a few of the...quality genome sequence A high-quality sequence assembly of the zebrafish genome was published in 2013,... when and where genes are active in developing embryos are available. Additional analysis tools have been...head, eyes, and tail. Compared to the opaque mouse embryo, where similar processes occur over days inside...the zebrafish is an ideal system to observe embryogenesis live. The origins, divisions, and movements ... -
Technical Design of a Western Blot
TypeBlog Post...method. Membranes The two membrane options are PVDF and nitrocellulose. PVDF is a sturdy membrane that can...low-background PVDF membrane, it also has higher background noise than nitrocellulose membranes. Pro tip! You...visualize proteins on a PVDF membrane without staining; simply wet your membrane with 20% methanol and place...designing the experiment. What detection method? What membrane? What should you block with? It can be so overwhelming... location of your protein. Proteins located in membrane-bound subcompartments, like the mitochondria or... protein is difficult to solubilize, such as a membrane-bound protein. There are many different lysis ...the transfer: you’ll need to pre-wet most PVDF membranes before the transfer and allow them to dry afterwards... -
Transferable Skills Guide: Teamwork
TypeBlog Post... Team, but I’m also an emeritus member of the Scientist Team, a member-by-association of the Development...at Addgene, an unofficial title that I happily embrace (and admittedly, I may have started that nickname...update how we make and distribute kits, I helped assemble a crack team of Addgenies that includes: Michelle...control efforts with depositors; Gizela, the lab member who knows how the physical kits are made and shipped...months, or even a few weeks. The important thing to remember is that every team should have a goal, or at the...and providing technical customer service. Team members are highly trained, and though there are necessary...particular function. Project team A Project Team is assembled to complete a series of tasks with precisely defined... -
Deep Dive: Fixing and Permeabilizing for Immunofluorescence
TypeBlog Post...and membrane integrity (Fig. 2). For example, saponin interacts with cholesterol in cell membranes and...can lose membrane-associated proteins, but it is better at permeabilizing organellar membranes. Created... work is to try it. As you embark on your next IF adventure, just remember that even though these early...proteins that need a little help crossing cell membranes as they are not able to diffuse across natively...Permeabilization essentially punches holes in the cell membranes of your sample to allow antibodies better access...target is already on the extracellular side of the membrane, then this step may not be necessary. In fact,...and leaves many membrane-associated proteins in place. In contrast, Triton X-100 and Tween-20 are examples... -
Antibodies 101: The Basics of Western Blotting
TypeBlog Post...Immobilizing proteins on a membrane Once separated, the proteins are immobilized onto a membrane, usually composed...sticky areas on the membrane will bind to the proteins in the buffer, blocking the membrane from binding to...are: (1) separated by size, (2) transferred to a membrane, and (3) detected using antibodies. ...protein is separated in a gel, transferred to a membrane, stained with antibodies, and finally visualized... and high binding capacity. In addition, PVDF membranes can be repeatedly stripped of an antibody and ...follow the same general principle where the gel and membrane are “sandwiched” together with blotting paper ...proteins to migrate out of the gel and attach to the membrane. In a wet transfer system the sandwich is completely... -
MXS Chaining
TypeBlog Post...2008 Gibson Cloning Gibson assembly method Single reaction, can assemble large DNA sequences, no restriction...derived from the tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn) Membranes 3 mCherry 587nm/ 610 nm human β-Actin Actin ...same multiple cloning site (MCS). Modules are assembled one at a time by standard restriction enzyme digestion...upon ligation. As a result, once two modules are assembled next to each other, a third module cannot be placed...high-throughput cloning strategies available for assembling these modular types of constructs, and different... Golden Gate Type II restriction enzymes Can assemble up to 10 modules in a single step. Through iteration...restriction enzyme-based). Well suited for the modular assembly of highly similar or repetitive sequences. Intermediate... -
27 Hot Plasmids from 2016
TypeBlog Post...introduced a new assembly cloning platform called GMAP (Gibson assembly-based modular assembly platform). GMAP...Plasmids from: March (Q1) | June (Q2) | September 2016 (Q3) | December 2016 (Q3) MARCH 2016Enhancer activity...GMAP is based on the Gibson Assembly method, which allows for easy assembly of DNA fragments by utilizing...streamlines the assembly of TALE repeats into a single-tube, 3 day process by utilizing pre-assembled trimers ...literature searching, DNA synthesis, and plasmid assembly. Luckily, researchers from Douglas Densmore’s ...Genomics. 2015. PubMed PMID: 26165496 GMAP - A new assembly platform for generating both simple and complex...overlaps). To expand the capabilities of Gibson assembly and make a more modular platform, the Jacks lab... -
Tagging Optogenetics and Chemogenetics Receptors: Fluorescent Proteins and Other Options
TypeBlog Post...only a small proportion were found on the plasma membrane (top panel in Fig. 1). Of course, this was problematic...DREADD receptors need to be located on the plasma membrane to be activated by the DREADD actuator after it.... Although we found a larger proportion on the membrane in mice neurons, most of them were still cytoplasmic...limited expression of hM4Di‐mCherry at the plasma membrane in monkey neurons, we next hypothesized that a...improve the transport of this DREADD to the plasma membrane. The haemagglutinin (HA) tag is a small 9 amino...resulted in abundant expression of hM4Di in plasma membranes in both species (bottom panel in Fig. 1). Our ...transgene of interest and its localization in the membrane. The lesson we learned from these studies is that... -
A Look at Addgene's QC Process
TypeBlog Post...following sequencing and assembly. In cases where the QC team suspects an assembly issue, they manually revisit..., de novo assembly in Geneious can still provide additional insights to resolve the assembly and determine... Illumina MiSeq. The raw sequencing reads are assembled into a circularized plasmid sequence de novo (...bioinformatics pipeline developed at Addgene. The assembled plasmid sequence is then compared to the information...confirm: The size of the plasmid to ensure our assembly result is accurate The gene/insert or any major...additional considerations to resolve. Sequencing and assembly issues Sequence discrepancies are not always a... can arise due to errors in the sequencing and assembly pipeline. There are regions of plasmids that are... -
Sonic Hedgehog? Sleeping Beauty? Learn About the Genes Behind Addgene’s Conference Room Names
TypeBlog Post...on the surface, giving the embryo a “spiny and prickly look” that resembled a hedgehog (Nusslein-Volhard...eyes. Scientist thought these thick “eyebrows” resembled those of the comedian Groucho Marx, so the gene...Institute! Sonic Hedgehog, an important regulator of embryonic development The largest conference room at Addgene...hedgehog exhibit abnormal segmentation during embryogenesis. Typically, regularly spaced denticles (bristles...bristles) outline the segments of the Drosophila embryo. In flies with non-functional hedgehog, the denticles...gradient exerting a different effect on the developing embryo depending on its concentration. Genetic mutations...mutant fly ovaries had “squiggly” actin fibers that resemble spaghetti. We have two plasmids in our inventory... -
Making CRISPR Plasmids Using Fragmid
TypeBlog Post... option: Fragmid. Fragmid is a modular vector assembly process designed for a quick, plug-and-play approach...depositor John Doench reports even the greenest members of his lab, high school interns, were able to use...five days. Did you say… easier? Fragmid’s modular assembly structure takes a lot of the design work out of... Once you have the components you want, simply assemble them into a destination vector via Golden Gate...Whatever individual components you choose will assemble in the expected module order. (It’s also why you...the Fragmid system by sequencing 60 individual assemblies created over five months. When they tested those...were perfectly correct. Because they created the assemblies in duplicate, they were able to confirm that ... -
How-to: 5 Steps to a Great Panel Discussion
TypeBlog Post...uninteresting, the panel members all say the same thing and one panel member dominates the discussion?... no time for audience questions and an audience member asks a 5 minute question that is really a speech... a fun discussion. People are much better at remembering these things on a relaxed phone call than when...moving and to prevent any one panelist or audience member from taking over. My own personal rule is that ... get things started. Give a couple of audience members a chance to participate. For example, at a recent...nonprofit science organizations, I asked audience members to stand and describe unique nonprofit models that...in the audience. I always try to meet audience members before a panel discussion and often incorporate... -
Plasmids 101: Modular Cloning Applications and Kits
TypeBlog Post...Modular cloning is a popular DNA assembly tool used to build single- and multi-gene constructs for a ...is. MoClo background MoClo is a clever way to assemble several DNA parts in a specific orientation using...are reusable, saving time and money on future assemblies. If you are new to MoClo, give our MoClo 101 ...Kit has a wide array of DNA parts that can be assembled into individual TUs or very large (up to 20!) ...CIDAR offers a one-pot reaction wherein multi-part assembly can occur. It is quite extensive with a supplemental... most intuitive CRISPR MoClo application is to assemble multiple unique sgRNAs into a multi-TU targeting...save time and money on studies that require many assemblies or that compare the effects of different DNA ... -
Fluorescent Protein Guide: Subcellular Localization
TypeCollection...37351 pQC membrane TdTomato IX Membranes Palmitoylation tdTomato Connie Cepko 22479 FUmGW Membranes Palmitoylation...cytoskeleton remodeling or blocked membrane traffic. Addgene has assembled a collection of popular fluorescent...pCAG-mGFP Membranes Palmitoylation sequence from GAP43 EGFP Connie Cepko 61099 Lck-GFP Membranes Palmitoylation...outer membrane TOMM20 mCherry* Michael Davidson 118736 pBOB-CARMIL2 BH domain-GFP Plasma membrane CARMIL2...Plasma membrane CARMIL2 BH domain tdTomato John Cooper 189771 pLCK-mScarlet3_C1 Plasma membrane Lck N-...endolysosomal pathway recylces internal membrane-bound structures and brings membrane vesicles and protein cargo from...Subcellular Localization General Cytoskeleton Junctions Membrane Trafficking Additional Resources The subcellular... -
Antibodies 101: Beyond Surface Labeling
TypeBlog Post...diffuse through the cell membrane freely, while others require a permeabilized membrane to enter cells. Depending...Depending on the application, they can be membrane-permeant or membrane-impermeant, and the cells of interest...viability dyes are membrane-impermeant and can only enter cells with compromised plasma membranes — i.e., dead... The targeted epitopes can be motifs within transmembrane proteins, such as receptors, or post-translational... marker of interest is not located on the cell membrane but inside the cell. Due to their chemical nature...nature, antibodies cannot penetrate the cell membrane; hence, intracellular labeling with antibodies requires...Permeabilization, as the name suggests, perforates the cell membrane to allow for antibodies to enter the cell (Figure... -
Generating Mouse Models Using CRISPR/Cas9
TypeBlog Post... would be injected into developing mouse embryos, the embryos allowed to develop into chimeric mice (with...would first introduce a mutation into a mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) line, enrich and select for cells...fascinated by CRISPR and rushed to test it. I still remember the day, March 16, 2014, that I got my first preliminary...Streptococcus aureus, is as effective at editing mouse embryos as Cas9 from S. pyogenes and has the advantage ...of fertilized mouse eggs. Or, to avoid handling embryos ex vivo, the components can be electroporated into...Doench’s gRNA design blog post. Finally, always remember that you are working with RNAs, which are prone...payload! Last but not least, when using CRISPR, remember to appreciate the fact that it was first discovered... -
Viral Vectors 101: Voltage Indicators
TypeBlog Post.... They can be targeted to the plasma membrane to measure membrane potential and can also be directed to... the membrane), the voltage sensing component (i.e., rhodopsin naturally resides in the membrane), or ... want to monitor the voltage change across the membrane of cardiac cells. Similarly, neuronal signaling...sensors contained a FP that localized to the plasma membrane due to the addition of several targeting domains...compound that distributes itself within the plasma membrane as well. Another flavor of these tools is Voltron...more lipophilic, increasing its affinity for the membrane, where it will then localize and emit signal from...generate without disturbing the integrity of the membrane, a concern with several of the previously described... -
When is a Monomer not a Monomer? The Top Three Ways Your Favorite Fluorescent Protein Oligomerizes in Cells
TypeBlog Post...contacts that bring apposing membranes together and can wrap the membranes into stacked structures including...dimerization. 1. Transmembrane fluorescent protein fusions Transmembrane proteins, i.e. receptors...they cannot tumble in 720°, i.e. they are on a membrane or in an organelle, then their effective concentration...dimerizing fluorescent proteins is illustrated. 1) Membrane proteins fused to FPs that dimerize can form dynamic...integrated into lipid bilayers. Fusion of an FP to a transmembrane protein significantly increases the effective...other. The consequences can be dramatic. For a membrane POI localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, the...tubules can be grossly distorted into dense stacked membranes termed Organized Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ... -
Cultivating Community Science at BosLab
TypeBlog Post...twenty members and volunteers. Transforming citizens into scientists Anyone can become a member of BosLab... if we were teaching classes at the lab, so in December 2015 we held our first intro to bacterial transformation...previous laboratory experience is not required. Our members are skilled with audiovisual media, software engineering...instructor for our intro to biohacking courses. Our members pursue a diverse range of projects at BosLab. Some...experience targeting RNA with small molecules. Other members’ projects range from hacking probiotics to filming.... Community projects at BosLab Not all of our members start out with personal projects in mind. Thus,...encourage more involvement and provide all our members the opportunity to do molecular biology, we’ve ... -
REPLACR Mutagenesis: Replacing In Vitro Recombination Methods
TypeBlog Post...appropriate vector. Gibson Assembly, GeneArt Cloning, and SLIC can all be used to assemble multiple fragments,...insertions require complicated, often costly in vitro assembly methods. A new method, REPLACR-mutagenesis, harnesses...substitutions - at the same efficiency as Gibson Assembly and GeneArt cloning - but at a much lower cost...mutagenesis methods Current SDM methods rely on in vitro assembly. To make a point mutation, you design two oligonucleotide...al. wondered if, instead of relying on in vitro assembly, they could make the E. coli do the work by using...expensive than gBlock synthesis, and multifragment assembly methods are preferred. No such restriction applies...REPLACR-mutagenesis goes head-to-head with Gibson assembly and GeneArt cloning, the results are favorable... -
TALEN Plasmids and Kits
TypeCollection...PI FusX TALEN Assembly System Contains 336 pFusX clones allowing for Golden Gate assembly of 15-16 RVD ...expression. Feng Zhang LIC TAL Effector Assembly Kit Assembly by ligation-independent cloning (LIC). Validated...plasmids of pre-assembled trimer and tetramer RVD domains designed for rapid TALEN assembly. Kiran Musunuru...expression of Voytas Golden Gate-assembled TALEN, both in microinjected embryos and transfected cells. TALEN...accompanying documentation allow one to efficiently assemble TALEN constructs with custom repeat arrays. TALEN...Bogdanove Joung Lab TAL Effector Engineering Reagents Assembly via serial ligation. Validated in zebrafish somatic...Ekker Platinum Gate TALEN Kit Platinum TALENs assembled by Golden Gate. Validated in several species. ... -
Gaining Leadership Skills Volunteering at a Professional Organization
TypeBlog Post...laboratory work). Committee members have to work professionally with the other members on the team and keep ... according to the needs of my committee members. Some members would need much more guidance, direction...meeting. I first joined a committee as a volunteer member. The NPA runs its committees through Chairs and...and Vice-Chairs that lead them. As a committee member, I volunteered for various tasks as things came up...Directors and liaise with the Executive Director. As members changed, I had to learn how to develop new working...particular style and requirements of the new Board Members. In some instances I felt like I was going back... speaks in “one voice” whilst among individual members, many opinions may exist. I learnt to try and bring... -
Mouse Modeling, Part 1: Genetically Engineered Mice
TypeBlog Post...successfully modified zygotes or embryonic stem cells. Modified embryonic stem cells are injected into a...techniques used to create engineered mouse models at embryonic stages, and the pros and cons of different genome...containing the gene of interest into a zygote, or into embryonic stem cells that are then injected into a blastocyst...insert the gene of interest into a zygote or into embryonic stem cells. Non-homologous recombination incorporates...recombination. A targeting vector is electroporated into embryonic stem cells and this will insert the gene at a ...mice, knockout mice are engineered during the embryonic stem cell stage using one of several techniques...technique is the injection of a targeting vector into embryonic stem cells, which are then injected into a blastocyst... -
Protocol - How to Create a Bacterial Glycerol Stock
TypeProtocol...frozen bacteria, preventing damage to the cell membranes and keeping the cells alive. A glycerol stock ... -
Networking and Inspiring Young Scientists at Freshers Fairs
TypeBlog Post...has 1,283 members, who comprise undergraduates, graduate students, postdocs, faculty members, and the ...rides and other fun activities and even invite members of the public to attend. We thought we’d take some...study chemistry. The society currently has 352 members, ranging from undergrad all the way up to professors... University of Oxford currently has around 700 members and hosts a range of scientific meetings for students...also hosts high level academic debates for its members to become involved with. The society provides talks...in this emerging field. It has gained over 170 members in its first year. The society facilitates opportunities...education and networking opportunities for society members as well as arranging collaborations and conferences... -
Plasmids 101: Gram Negative and Positive Bacteria
TypeBlog Post...diderms, have a thinner peptidoglycan membrane and an outer lipid membrane. Common gram negative bacteria include...within their membrane, while the stain is washed from the gram negative bacteria’s thinner membrane. Procedure...destroys the outer lipid membrane, and the thin inner peptidoglycan membrane is unable to retain the stain...or monoderms, have a single thick peptidoglycan membrane. Common gram positive bacteria include staphylococci...interaction of CV+ and I- in the thick multilayered membrane of the gram positive bacteria. In a gram negative... -
The Crispr Babies Saga Shows the Need for Action, Not More Delays
TypeBlog Post...edit a human embryo, or have a woman carry an edited embryo to term. (We should remember that the woman...these embryos is actively being experimented on, too.) However, as research published on December 13 shows..., founding bioethicist of Rogue Bioethics. On November 25, the MIT Technology Review dropped a bombshell...techniques that are sufficiently safe to manipulate an embryo—even if it’s not necessarily via CRISPR/Cas9. This...unethically experiment on humans, and they are not remembered kindly. However, despite many headlines questioning... -
Plasmid Tools for Microbiome Studies
TypeBlog Post...consists of modular parts that are assembled with Golden Gate Assembly. They built this toolkit upon the...vast, the ability to genetically alter microbiome members is limited and many microbes are difficult to culture...method for genetically altering gut microbiome members in their native habitat (Ronda et al., 2019). They...microbiome systems. Find the toolkit for modular assembly of broad host range plasmids Counting cell division...distributed cell division counting (DCDC), relies on the assembly of fluorescent proteins into one bright particle...fused the red fluorescent protein (RFP) to a self-assembling protein (SAP) such as a bacteriophage shell protein...microbiome bacteria with a toolkit for modular assembly of broad-host-range plasmids." ACS synthetic biology... -
TALEN Engineering
TypeCollection...And Ligation) assembly method (Sander et al., Nat Biotechnol. 2011), the REAL-Fast assembly method (Reyon...or REAL-Fast assembly process or lists of plasmid ID numbers required for FLASH assembly. Links to additional... TAL effectors, including designed TALENs, and assembly methods for REAL, REAL-Fast and FLASH Genome...Ligation-based Automatable Solid-phase High-throughput) assembly method (Reyon and Tsai et al., Nat Biotechnol ...Biotechnol 2012). All three of these platforms assemble TAL effector repeat arrays on a single architectural framework...expression plasmids using REAL, REAL-Fast or FLASH assembly. This new version of ZiFiT Targeter enables users...these reagents are provided below: Joung Lab REAL Assembly TALEN Kit Individual REAL TALE Repeat Plasmids... -
Plasmids 101: 5 factors to help you choose the right cloning method
TypeBlog Post...allowing you to easily create customized overhangs to assemble up to 6 different fragments in a prescribed order...few dollars per reaction. By comparison, Gibson assembly can cost over $15.00 per reaction if you purchase...purchase a pre-made mix. Nonetheless, Gibson assembly is a highly versatile and efficient way to generate...such as cDNA, PCR fragments, or genomic DNA. Also remember that commercially available cloning kits can often...feature biases the reaction in favor of the desired assembly to make the process close to 100% efficient. Gateway...declines as the number of fragments you’re hoping to assemble increases. Multiple inserts: There are some cloning...through sequence homology. Similarly, Golden Gate assembly allows one to simultaneously complete an ordered... -
Congratulations, Deck The Lab winners!
TypeBlog Post...their lab’s decoration competition, and each lab member used an impressive variety of lab materials to ...drNBUdlQco — The Tarling-Vallim Lab (@TarlingVallim) December 19, 2020 In third place, the BTC Institute decorated...pic.twitter.com/OOrwo9feyJ — BTC Institute (@BTCInstitute1) December 23, 2020 Deck the Lab: Home Edition Winners...safe and festive Holiday season. 🙌 🥂 🎄 🎉 😷 Remember wear a mask,↔️social distance, 💓show gratitude...pic.twitter.com/ofLI4eD8Zs — Microbigals (@MicrobiGals) December 23, 2020 In second place, Dr. Anne Madden created.../GsAlD6sjM6 — Dr. Anne A Madden (@AnneAMadden) December 23, 2020 In third place is Matthijs Dorst’s...pic.twitter.com/qDylF8TdHH — Matthijs Dorst (@MattNeuro) December 4, 2020 Congratulations to the winners! We’ll... -
Neurodegeneration Plasmid Collection
TypeCollection...Parkinson's Michael J Fox Foundation MJFF 40427 pEMB017 NP_9409803_LRRK2_1867_2161_L1914N_V2048T_F2083Y...Parkinson's Michael J Fox Foundation MJFF 40499 pEMB018 / LRRK2_BC_1300_2136 LRRK2 His polH Parkinson's...'s Michael J Fox Foundation MJFF 40500 pEMB018 / LRRK2_BC_1300_2148 LRRK2 His polH Parkinson's Michael...Michael J Fox Foundation MJFF 40501 pEMB018 / LRRK2_BC_1300_2170 LRRK2 His polH Parkinson's Michael J Fox Foundation... Foundation MJFF 40502 pEMB018 / LRRK2_BC_1300_2210 LRRK2 His polH Parkinson's Michael J Fox Foundation...Foundation MJFF 40503 pEMB018 / LRRK2_BC_1309_2136 LRRK2 His polH Parkinson's Michael J Fox Foundation MJFF 40504... 40504 pEMB018 / LRRK2_BC_1309_2170 LRRK2 His polH Parkinson's Michael J Fox Foundation MJFF 40505 pEMB018... -
Hot Plasmids: Fall 2024
TypeBlog Post...rate limits its use in systems like the C. elegans embryo, where developmental processes happen within a ...expression levels comparable to GFP during early embryogenesis (Figure 3). mScarlet-I3 also offered clearer...fluorophore-tagged GOLG-4 through eight stages of embryonic development. Representative images of single focal... focal planes through the middle of each embryo are shown, comparing GFP, wrmScarlet (mScarlet), and the...the 11-amino acid BiT fragment of luciferase is embedded in the I10 domain of the human titin protein and...LgBiT luciferase fragment (expressed separately) assemble and catalyze the luminescence reaction (Figure...of luciferase binds to the BiT Tag (also cyan) embedded in the Titin I10 protein (purple) only when Titin... -
CRISPR Plasmids - Empty gRNA Vectors
TypeCollection...separate vectors and then assembled into one construct using Golden Gate assembly. Gersbach MuLE System Mammalian...expression cassettes can be assembled using Golden Gate cloning or the Gibson Assembly. Chen Boosting CRISPR...this Golden Gate and Gateway based assembly method: plasmids for assembly of single gRNA vectors with various...Expression System Description PI Multiplex CRISPR/Cas9 Assembly System Kit Mammalian A system for constructing...-gRNA genes (PTGs) and then PTG cassettes are assembled into a Cas9 expressing vector. Yang A Robust CRISPR...multiple sgRNA expression cassettes, which can be assembled into the binary CRISPR/Cas9 vectors in one round...round of cloning by Golden Gate ligation or Gibson Assembly Liu A CRISPR/Cas9 toolbox for multiplexed plant... -
Management for Scientists: Seeking Feedback
TypeBlog Post...excellent, effective communication between all members of a team. As described here in a 2012 Intuit blog...conducts exceptionally well-managed meetings. Members face one another, and their conversations and gestures...well as give, information to make improvements. Members connect directly with one another – not just with...be covered in a future post in this series). Members carry on back-channel or side conversations within...everyone knows what is going on and can contribute. Members periodically break, go exploring outside the team...that brings feedback back to the manager. Team members rarely rush to give honest feedback to the manager...over coffee. Have regular 1:1 meetings with team members (don’t become known for cancelling these); ask ... -
Advice on Career Paths and the Green Card Process for International Researchers and Entrepreneurs
TypeBlog Post...achievement Evidence of membership in associations that require their members to demonstrate outstanding...with US immigration in its current state. As of September 2017, USCIS received 116,224 employment based ... position. If you cannot get an Industry H-1B, remember that industry career paths are not the only place...the lab or has won, awards, media reports, and membership in groups related to the foreign national’s field... national award for excellence in your field. Membership in a professional organization – this is not ...assist your PI in the peer review process, but remember you cannot use it as documentary evidence for ...point of view of experts in your field. Please remember, this is not a job reference letter. This letter... -
Water Bath Protocol
TypeProtocol... a water bath with individual slots for tubes, remember that when you add the tube to the slots, it can... -
From Lab Bench to Leadership: Transitioning into Management as a PhD
TypeBlog Post...requires deliberate preparation and a willingness to embrace new responsibilities. After my second postdoc,...differencesManaging a team isn’t “one size fits all”. Each team member has unique motivations, strengths, and learning...scientist, I worked with a diverse team where some members thrived on independence, while others required ... stay on track and feel supported. Another team member was highly self-motivated and excelled when given...to the communication style of a new, junior team member who had values, working styles, and skills that...discovery project, I noticed tension between two team members with differing approaches—one detail-focused and...permission to explore, reflect on your priorities, and embrace these transitions as an integral part of your broader... -
It’s Bioelectric! An Exciting Interdisciplinary Field of Research
TypeBlog Post... Pai, Vaibhav P., et al. "Transmembrane voltage potential controls embryonic eye patterning in Xenopus...slightly slower scale. All living cells with a membrane possess an electrical state. This state, known...is maintained by ion channels and pumps in the membrane. An emerging interdisciplinary field of biology... depolarized (positive) the cell is, the more embryonic, stem cell-like, or cancerous it is (Levin et ...engineering. Planarian worms cut into three segments “remember” which side should grow a head and a tail, and...features increased brightness and improved plasma membrane specificity. Stable Step Function Opsin - A stabilized... -
Troubleshooting Your Plasmid Cloning Experiment
TypeBlog Post...Gibson Assembly, Golden Gate etc.), and try to find the simplest way to do it (i.e. avoid assembling too ...gel or by nanodrop to assemble the fragments based on their molar ratio. Assembly of the fragments There...can generate the parts of DNA that you want to assemble together in a combination of different ways according...have a successful and ultimately faster cloning. Remember to quantify the DNA concentration of all the samples...There are multiple ways you can assemble the different parts of a plasmid based on the cloning strategy... -
Hassle-free 96-well Format Epitope Tagging Using Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein
TypeBlog Post...experiments: Retrieve Ensembl Transcript ID(s) of your favourite gene(s) from Ensembl genome browser: https...https://www.ensembl.org/index.html Design crRNA/ssODN: Using Ensembl Transcript ID(s) as an input query...reagents, we scaled up these tagging experiments by assembling csRNPs in a 96-well plate format and tested parallel...reagents for the knock-in experiment were pre-assembled in a 96-well plate. Glioma stem cells were transfected...be found at Desktop Genetics .For ssODN design, remember to incorporate PAM-blocking mutations (e.g. convert...in bulk and stored in small aliquots at -80 oC. Assemble csRNP: Anneal crRNA and tracrRNA using a PCR block... -
Antibodies 101: Flow Cytometry
TypeBlog Post...permeabilize the cell membrane to allow antibodies to pass through the cell membrane. Formaldehyde fixation...degree of internal complexity such as extensive membranes produces a greater SSC. Protein expression, measured...targets, measured by fixing and permeabilizing membranes For intracellular protein targets, users must ... dissolving lipids including those of the cell membrane. In some cases, this can mask epitopes such that...propidium iodide, can only enter cells with disrupted membranes as is the case with dead or dying cells. DNA binding...permeabilization as these methods require damaging the cell membrane and will cause all cells to stain positive. If... amine reactive dyes can only pass through the membrane of dead cells. Once in the cells, amine reactive... -
Live and Let Dye: Self-Labeling Protein Tags
TypeBlog Post... with SiR-CA (magenta) and outer mitochondrial membrane labeled with SNAP-OMP25 with Atto590-BG (green... 3: Single-molecule tracking of actin filament assembly-regulating proteins in vitro reveals complex events... probes are not very good at crossing the cell membrane. So, you should investigate your options and weigh...self-labeling protein tags are increasingly popular. Embrace the flexibility and switch things up for your next...Biology, 26(4), 584-592.e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.01.003 Gallagher, S. S., Sable, J. E., ...Biology, 15(2), 128–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2008.01.007 Griffin, B. A., Adams, S. R., & ...https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt765 Lavis, L. (2016, September 8). Better Dyeing Through Chemistry & Small Molecule... -
Plasmids 101: In-house NGS Plasmid Quality Control Now at Addgene
TypeBlog Post...NGS assembles a larger sequence from many smaller sequences, regions with repeats may not assemble correctly...circular assembly. Most of the time, these plasmids are returned as one or two partial assemblies. If we...complete. After the run completes, we begin our assembly process. Again, thanks to our partners at seqWell...from each sample in our pool and individually assembles the reads into a single FASTA sequence that our...that are particularly difficult to sequence and assemble, including GC rich regions. For example, the CAG... -
Adapting Toehold Switches to Detect Zika Virus
TypeBlog Post...toehold switches for Zika detection We and other members of the lab had been working on advancing the paper-based...Aedes mosquito (Messina et al, 2016). We quickly assembled a team of students, postdocs and professors to...also were careful to set up clear tasks for each member of the team to accomplish so that many elements...Sensor Constructs at Addgene As we report, we have embedded this next generation of toehold switch-based RNA...further develop our rapid prototyping and sensor assembly pipeline for future emerging pathogens or health...synthetic biology, nanomaterials science, and self-assembly for applications in health, energy, and sustainability...Listen to Our Interview with Previous Collin's Lab Member and Sample 6 Cofounder Michael Koeris Learn How... -
28 Hot Plasmid Technologies from 2015
TypeBlog Post...and plasma membrane reporters as well as secretory proteins or proteins targeted to membrane sub-domains...cleavage upon co-expression and spontaneous self-assembly. In an effort to obtain even more precise temporal...individual reporter constructs or as the fully assembled pMemoryArray. Yang et al., Nat Methods 2014... Chem Biol. 2012 Apr 20;19(4):507-17. 10.1016/j.chembiol.2012.02.006. 2 Guntas et al., Proc Natl Acad...arrival in their target compartment (e.g. the plasma membrane, the extracellular space, or the lysosomes) can...plasmids with MXS-chaining. Analogous to modular assembly methods, such as BioBricks, the MXS-chaining method... organelles, a cell cycle indicator for mouse embryonic stem cells and a series of inducible promoter ... -
Fluorescent Protein Guide: Biosensors
TypeCollection...trafficking to the plasma membrane Acute disruption of the synaptic vesicle membrane protein synaptotagmin...measurements of membrane charges A FRET sensor enables quantitative measurements of membrane charges in live...2+ Dynamics in the Mitochondrial Matrix and Intermembrane Space with the GZnP2 Sensor. ACS Chem Biol. ...sensor iATPSnFR1.0 and iATPSnFR1.1 (cytoplasmic, membrane-displayed, expression in neurons, astrocytes) ...reduced ph interference demonstrates augmented transmembrane chloride movement by gerbil prestin (SLC26a5...2020 Aug 4;11(1):3881. Adam Cohen Chloride (Cl-) Membrane-targeted biosensor for monitoring changes in intracellular... intracellular chloride A sensitive membrane-targeted biosensor for monitoring changes in intracellular...