...simply with the presence or absence of the correct wavelength of light. This response is immediate, on the ...activation to behaviors. Scientists continue to engineer opsins to operate at increasingly faster kinetics...Optogenetics also requires that light of the correct wavelength reach receptors in the brain. One way to address...can be simply introduced by injection. The main challenge in using ligands is ensuring the agonist is able...

...in the past year. Cambridge Biological Society, England Since 1996, Cambridge Biosoc’s goal has been to... up to professors. Oxford Biological Society, England The Biological Society based at the University ...networking events. Imperial Synthetic Biology Society, England The Synthetic Biology Society is a new society ...incredibly glad to see these biological societies engaging with young scholars. We believe it’s very important...

...the full length plasmid. If you find that your bacterial cultures contain a mix of full length plasmid ...will also outgrow bacteria that contain the full length plasmid.   Figure 1: The full lentiviral...like DH5-alpha are recA-, some strains have been engineered to further reduce recombination. Recombinase-...

...First Impressions Here References 1. Gao, Feng, Xiao Z. Shen, Feng Jiang, Yongqiang Wu & Chunyu Han. “DNA-guided...efficiency. Smaller size At only 887 amino acids in length, NgAgo is shorter than SpCas9 (1368 aa), SaCas9... High Fidelty Cas9 Mutants Browse All Genome Engineering Posts Additional Resources on Addgene.org Check...

...limited to biotechnology, chemistry, architecture, engineering, mathematics, physical sciences, social sciences...your company employs at least 3 full-time people engaged in researcher activities. The EB-1B requires that...algorithms to program self-driving cars, tissue engineering for organ replacement).  In addition to presenting... and translations of documents that are not in English. Create a Google Scholar account Sanitize your ...meets the requirements set forth by USCIS before engaging with clients. To learn more, visit www.casseuslaw.com...

...antibody selectivity. Additionally, it can be a real challenge to troubleshoot RNAi failures. Potential explanations...cell survival or proliferation, an additional challenge is that only partial or ephemeral knockdown will...confirmation of antibody selectivity even more challenging. Correlation with RNA or Proteomic data from ...supportive of their specificity for the protein. A challenge to this approach is that the identity of the epitope...the specific sample and protocol. This can be a challenge to confirm. As such, the approach used may need...

...presenter, it can be difficult to keep the audience engaged through a computer screen. For the Reproducibility...organizers found several avenues to keep the audience engaged. They first sent a pre-workshop questionnaire to...are still other ways to make your session more engaging, for example, by using short animations and visuals...poster,” he says.Viewing a poster on a screen is challenging, requiring you to zoom in to different parts ...

... we understand such a structure well enough to engineer it to suit our purposes? In search of simple ... we understand such a structure well enough to engineer it to suit our purposes? These questions can be...2012). This made them an appealing target for bioengineering, but it wasn’t clear whether they could 1) ...bodies We have shown that all three of these engineering objectives are possible in our recent paper (...

...longstanding challenge. Using shRNA, TALEN, or ZFN to edit immune cells poses challenges such as the inhibition...Salmonella Typhimurium. This work demonstrates engineered gas vesicles as the first reporter genes using...sgRNA insert site and a reporter for tracing the engineered cells in vivo, the non-immunogenic violet-excited...

...professional development, and while it’s not challenging to use, it’s hard to know where to begin. To ...helped her connect to other black scientists and engineers on Twitter, but also led to interviews on Al Jazeera... statistics on what percent of scientists and engineers regularly use the platform, why scientists are...media, but how you use social media to consistently engage with others about your topic(s) of interest. Hopefully...

...supported this project with funding. Alnylam and New England Biolabs sponsored the capital construction of our... solicited seed money for the new project. New England Biolabs and Alnylam see the value to the scientific...research and discovery, while also pushing us to challenge assumptions, holding us to nonprofit best practices...reach scientists around the world. Our Software Engineering Team (and, added in 2018, our Product Team) continues...

... from audiences as they do science outreach and engage with the public, and learn from the process of ...of science, communication isn't easy.  But the challenge is worthwhile and rewarding. A truly passionate...organizations. At ComSciCon, our primary mission is to strengthen and support the network of graduate students ...Learn about careers in science communication The strength of story telling Science communication: 9 strategies...

...below 4.4kB (with the ITRs bringing total genome length to ~4.7kB.  If your insert alone is 4.2 kB and ...serotypes such as AAV9 or AAV8. Very recently an engineered AAV5 capsid was reported for specific and potent...prohibitive problem? A: Re-administration is a challenge for AAV due to the development of neutralizing...neutralizing antibodies in animal models. All of our engineered AAV are presently built on an AAV9 backbone and ...

... Schematic overview of ChIP. Image courtesy of Shengliu via Wikicommons.   Okay, let’s do a quick ...such as sequencing or qPCR. Yay!  Where’s the challenge in that?  So while this method is certainly long...cell type, amount of protein, and desired fragment length for your output assay. A longer sonication time...the sample type and size.) It can be quite the challenge, and take a few rounds of adjustments, to get ...

...scientists can also study the microbiome by using engineered genetic tools and reporter microbes. Let’s take...take a look at a few of these methods below. Engineering gut microbes in situ While the ability to monitor...References Leonard, Sean P., et al. "Genetic engineering of bee gut microbiome bacteria with a toolkit...PMC4674677. Ronda, Carlotta, et al. "Metagenomic engineering of the mammalian gut microbiome in situ." Nature...

...year (12% in 2018) since 2005. We’re meeting the challenges of DNA distribution to ensure scientists everywhere...happening. The Addgene team will have some fun challenges this year and I’m excited about this, but definitely...documentaries in 3 languages (Japanese, German, and English) and even on 60 Minutes. We are blessed with a ...appearance and functionality are happening and this strengthens our image in the world. Addgene is now as much...

...but where the kinases are located, their signal strength, and how long their signals last all impact transduction...the signal must be transmitted by intermediate messengers. Optical control of kinase activity can provide...preserved. References 1. Zhou, Xin X., Linlin Z. Fan, Pengpeng Li, Kang Shen, and Michael Z. Lin. "Optical control...

...itself. In their CRISPRainbow paper, Ma et al. engineered gRNA scaffolds containing two hairpin sequences...permit labeling, but a newly expressed standard length gRNA would “switch” the system and induce genome...Multiplexed labeling of genomic loci with dCas9 and engineered sgRNAs using CRISPRainbow.” Nat Biotechnol. 34...Addgene. 4. Kiani, Samira, et al. “Cas9 gRNA engineering for genome editing, activation and repression...

... immense task (it takes, ooh, approximately the length of your average PhD to achieve!) Each field has...there. In every project, time, attention, and/or length restraints mean you will have to pick and choose...cognitive load changed the way I thought about engaging with learners. If something I was communicating...accessible pieces of communications that drive engagement with your target audience. Thinking about cognitive...

...drawbacks of the indirect method, lengthening an often already lengthy process. (And while I have it on...protein of interest is often one of the most challenging components of any immunoimaging assay. Secondary...has introduced new options for increasing signal strength.  For the time being, though, secondary antibodies...